论文标题

弱监督的深度学习模型用于前列腺癌诊断和组织病理学图像的格里森分级

Weakly-Supervised Deep Learning Model for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Gleason Grading of Histopathology Images

论文作者

Behzadi, Mohammad Mahdi, Madani, Mohammad, Wang, Hanzhang, Bai, Jun, Bhardwaj, Ankit, Tarakanova, Anna, Yamase, Harold, Nam, Ga Hie, Nabavi, Sheida

论文摘要

前列腺癌是全球男性最常见的癌症,也是美国癌症死亡的第二大原因。前列腺癌的预后特征之一是组织病理学图像的格里森分级。 Gleason等级是基于苏木精和曙红(H&E)的肿瘤结构分配的。这个过程是时必的,并且已知观察者的变异性。在过去的几年中,深度学习算法已被用于分析组织病理学图像,从而为前列腺癌评分带来了有希望的结果。但是,大多数算法都依赖于完全注释的数据集,这些数据集生成昂贵。在这项工作中,我们提出了一种新型的弱监督算法来对前列腺癌等级进行分类。所提出的算法由三个步骤组成:(1)通过基于变压器的多个实例学习(MIL)算法来提取组织病理学图像中的区分区域,(2)通过使用歧视性斑点来构建图像来代表图像,并通过(3)通过将图像分类为GLADEARINAL将图像分类为GLENTROLICE GRENTERT(GCN)(GCN)(GCN)(GCN),将图像分类为GCN(GCN)。我们使用公开可用的数据集评估了算法,包括TCGAPRAD,PANDA和GLEASON 2019挑战数据集。我们还跨越了独立数据集上的算法。结果表明,所提出的模型在准确性,F1分数和Cohen-kappa方面实现了格里森分级任务的最新性能。该代码可在https://github.com/nabavilab/prostate-cancer上找到。

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. One of the prognostic features in prostate cancer is the Gleason grading of histopathology images. The Gleason grade is assigned based on tumor architecture on Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stained whole slide images (WSI) by the pathologists. This process is time-consuming and has known interobserver variability. In the past few years, deep learning algorithms have been used to analyze histopathology images, delivering promising results for grading prostate cancer. However, most of the algorithms rely on the fully annotated datasets which are expensive to generate. In this work, we proposed a novel weakly-supervised algorithm to classify prostate cancer grades. The proposed algorithm consists of three steps: (1) extracting discriminative areas in a histopathology image by employing the Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) algorithm based on Transformers, (2) representing the image by constructing a graph using the discriminative patches, and (3) classifying the image into its Gleason grades by developing a Graph Convolutional Neural Network (GCN) based on the gated attention mechanism. We evaluated our algorithm using publicly available datasets, including TCGAPRAD, PANDA, and Gleason 2019 challenge datasets. We also cross validated the algorithm on an independent dataset. Results show that the proposed model achieved state-of-the-art performance in the Gleason grading task in terms of accuracy, F1 score, and cohen-kappa. The code is available at https://github.com/NabaviLab/Prostate-Cancer.

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