论文标题
主要的银河宇宙射线加速器是什么来源？
What sources are the dominant Galactic cosmic-ray accelerators?
论文作者
论文摘要
长期以来，超新星残留物（SNR）被认为是银河宇宙射线的主要来源，这意味着它们为宇宙射线和pevatrons提供了大部分能量。缺乏SNR中PEV宇宙射线的证据以及理论上的考虑，使这种情况无法定位。同时，最新的Lhaaso和其他伽马射线结果表明，Pevatrons潜伏在星形区域内。 在这里，我将讨论为什么SNR至少应该被视为最多10 tev的银河宇宙射线的主要来源，但是宇宙射线数据允许宇宙射线的第二个组成部分，并具有多达多个PEV的能量。第二个组件可以是超新星/SNR的子集，星形区域内的重新计算或脉冲星。作为一个特殊情况，我表明H.E.S.S.最近对Westerlund 1的观察结果建议在该区域内的扩散系数的低值，这是与100 km/s的AlfVén速度一起，这是由于二阶费米亚加速度，将恒星形成区域统称为PEVATRON的先决条件。
Supernova remnants (SNRs) have long been considered to be the dominant source of Galactic cosmic rays, which implied that they provided most of the energy to power cosmic rays as well as being PeVatrons. The lack of evidence for PeV cosmic rays in SNRs, as well as theoretical considerations, has made this scenario untenable. At the same time the latest LHAASO and other gamma-ray results suggest that PeVatrons lurk inside starforming regions. Here I will discuss why SNRs should still be considered the main sources of Galactic cosmic rays at least up to 10 TeV, but that the cosmic-ray data allow for a second component of cosmic rays with energies up to several PeV. This second component could be a subset of supernovae/SNRs, reacceleration inside starforming regions, or pulsars. As a special case I show that the recent observations of Westerlund 1 by H.E.S.S. suggest a low value of the diffusion coefficient inside this region, which is, together with an Alfvén speed > 100 km/s, a prerequisite for making a starforming region collectively a PeVatron due to second order Fermi acceleration.
