学术文献库

We consider the effects of strong gravitational lensing by galaxy-scale deflectors on the observations of high-energy (E$\gg$GeV) neutrinos (HEN). For HEN at cosmological distances, the optical depth for multiple imaging is $\sim 10^{-3}$, implying that while we do not expect any multiply imaged HEN with present samples, next-generation experiments should be able to detect the first such event. We then present the distribution of expected time delays to aid in the identification of such events, in combination with directional and energy information. In order to assist in the evaluation of HEN production mechanisms, we illustrate how lensing affects the observed number counts for a variety of intrinsic luminosity functions of the source population. Finally, we see that the lensing effects on the cosmic neutrino background flux calculation would be negligible by taking kpc-scale jets as an example.