论文标题
来自全息图的气泡成核和重力波
Bubble nucleation and gravitational wave from holography
论文作者
论文摘要
我们研究了具有一阶相变的全息QCD和Electroweak模型中的弹跳溶液。强度参数$α$，反向持续时间$β/h $和重力波功率谱中的气泡壁速度$ v_w $由全息反弹溶液计算。与现场理论的结果相反，我们发现参数$α$大约是$ \ Mathcal {o}（1）$，$β/H $约为$ 10^4 $，这意味着相位过渡是快速而强的。在全息模型中，相变的临界，成核和渗透温度彼此接近。此外，发现速度$ v_w $小于等离子体$ c_ {s} = 1/\ sqrt {3} $的声速，该{3} $对应于deflagration方案。对于QCD相变，引力波谱可以达到$ 10^{ - 13} -10^{ - 14} $ 0.01 Hz的峰值频率，可以通过BBO和Ultimate-Decigo检测到。对于Electroweak相变，重力波功率谱可以达到$ 10^{ - 12} -10^{ - 16} $周围的峰值频率$ 1-10 $ Hz。此外，由于较大的参数$β/h $和小速度$ v_w $，原始黑洞不利于形成。
We investigate the bounce solution in the holographic QCD and electroweak models with first-order phase transition. The strength parameter $α$, inverse duration time $β/H$, and bubble wall velocity $v_w$ in the gravitational wave power spectra are calculated by holographic bounce solution. In contrast to the results of field theory, we find the parameter $α$ is about $\mathcal{O}(1)$ and $β/H$ is about $10^4$, which imply that the phase transition is fast and strong. The critical, nucleation and percolation temperatures of the phase transition are close to each other in the holographic model. In addition, the velocity $v_w$ is found to be less than the sound speed of the plasma $c_{s}=1/\sqrt{3}$, which corresponds to the deflagration scenario. For QCD phase transition, the gravitational wave power spectrum can reach $10^{-13}-10^{-14}$ around the peak frequency of 0.01 Hz, which can be detected by BBO and Ultimate-DECIGO. For electroweak phase transition, the gravitational wave power spectrum can reach $10^{-12}-10^{-16}$ around the peak frequency $1-10$ Hz. Moreover, the primordial black hole is not favorable for formation due to the large parameter $β/H$ and small velocity $v_w$.
