论文标题

在极端轨道中的低融合中性跨北河对象

A low-inclination neutral Trans-Neptunian Object in a extreme orbit

论文作者

Chen, Ying-Tung, Eduardo, Marielle R., Muñoz-Gutiérrez, Marco A., Wang, Shiang-Yu, Lehner, Matthew J., Chang, Chan-Kao

论文摘要

我们介绍了2016 SD $ _ {106} $的光度观察和数值模拟,低倾斜度($ i = 4.8^{\ circ} $)极端的trans-nept-neptunian对象,具有大的半摩托轴($ a = 350 $ au)和perihelion($ q = 42.6 $ au)。此对象具有$ g-r的特殊中性颜色= 0.45 \ pm0.05 $和$ g-i = 0.72 \ pm0.06 $,与其他遥远的跨北河内物体相比,所有这些物体都具有中等红色至超红色的颜色。基于轨道拟合的天体数据的数值集成涵盖了八年的ARC,证实2016 SD $ _ {106} $是一个不稳定的对象,没有明显的散射演变。每个克隆在1 Gyr模拟的末尾幸存下来。但是,即使在主要的kuiper腰带中,也很少有具有倾斜度$ <5^{\ circ} $的中性物体$ <5^{\ Circ} $。此外,大多数提起围栏距离的机制都预计会产生倾斜$ <5^{\ circ} $的极端物体。因此,我们探讨了假设的遥远行星可以增加此类物体的产生的可能性。我们的模拟表明,没有2016年SD $ _ {106} $ - 可以从经过测试的三个Kuiper带种群(即plutinos,Twotinos和Haumea家族)中产生,而没有假设的星球,而可以通过它来获得一些类似的轨道。然而,附加行星的存在产生了广泛的大型半轴轴 /大近古物体,这显然与观察到的相位空间区域中观察到的物体稀缺矛盾。未来的研究可能会确定是否存在围绕间隙的存在与假设远处的行星的特定轨道构型之间存在联系。

We present photometric observations and numerical simulations of 2016 SD$_{106}$, a low inclination ($i=4.8^{\circ}$) extreme trans-Neptunian Object with a large semi-major axis ($a=350$ au) and perihelion ($q= 42.6$ au). This object possesses a peculiar neutral color of $g-r = 0.45\pm0.05$ and $g-i=0.72\pm0.06$, in comparison with other distant trans-Neptunian objects, all of which have moderate-red to ultra-red colors. A numerical integration based on orbital fitting on astrometric data covering eight years of arc confirms that 2016 SD$_{106}$ is a metastable object without significant scattering evolution. Each of the clones survived at the end of the 1 Gyr simulation. However, very few neutral objects with inclinations $<5^{\circ}$ have been found in the outer solar system, even in the main Kuiper belt. Furthermore, most mechanisms which lift perihelion distances are expected to produce a very low number of extreme objects with inclinations $<5^{\circ}$. We thus explored the possibility that a hypothetical distant planet could increase the production of such objects. Our simulations show that no 2016 SD$_{106}$-like orbits can be produced from three Kuiper belt populations tested (i.e. plutinos, twotinos, and Haumea Family) without the presence of an hypothetical planet, while a few similar orbits can be obtained with it; however, the presence of the additional planet produces a wide range of large semimajor-axis / large perihelion objects, in apparent contradiction with the observed scarcity of objects in those regions of phase space. Future studies may determine if there is a connection between the existence of a perihelion gap and a particular orbital configuration of an hypothetical distant planet.

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