论文标题

KISS-II设施的设计报告,用于探索铀的起源

Design report of the KISS-II facility for exploring the origin of uranium

论文作者

Aoki, Takamichi, Hirayama, Yoshikazu, Ishiyama, Hironobu, Jeong, SunChan, Kimura, Sota, Makida, Yasuhiro, Miyatake, Hiroari, Mukai, Momo, Nishimura, Shunji, Nishio, Katsuhisa, Niwase, Toshitaka, Ogawa, Tatsuhiko, Okuno, Hiroki, Rosenbusch, Marco, Schury, Peter, Watanabe, Yutaka, Wada, Michiharu

论文摘要

核物理学中关键的长期问题之一是铂和铀等重元素的起源。通常支持R过程假设,作为通过爆炸性快速中子捕获形成重元素的过程。与重元合成相关的许多核都是未鉴定的,短暂的,富含中子的核,以及其质量,半衰期,激发状态,衰减模式和与中子的反应速率等的实验数据非常稀缺。最终目标是了解铀的起源。 R-Process中通往铀的途径的核位于“ Terra Incognita”中。原则上,由于这些核素中的许多中子都比238U多,因此通过飞行中的碎片反应和全球当前主要设施中使用的飞行裂变反应无法访问该区域。因此,在Kek同位素分离系统(KISS)研究的多核子转移(MNT)反应引起了人们的注意。然而,与飞行裂变和碎片化相反,由MNT反应产生的核具有特征性的运动学,具有较大的角度分布和相对较低的能量,这使得它们与飞行中的分离技术无关。 KISS-II将是第一个有效地连接沿R型通向铀的核素的生产,分离和分析的设施。这将通过使用大型螺线管来收集MNT产物来实现,同时拒绝强烈的原代束,大型氦气捕获器来热化MNT产物,以及对MRTOF质谱仪进行质量分析和随后光谱研究的同等纯化。该设施最终将使我们能够探索该地隐身中富含中子的核素。

One of the critical longstanding issues in nuclear physics is the origin of the heavy elements such as platinum and uranium. The r-process hypothesis is generally supported as the process through which heavy elements are formed via explosive rapid neutron capture. Many of the nuclei involved in heavy-element synthesis are unidentified, short-lived, neutron-rich nuclei, and experimental data on their masses, half-lives, excited states, decay modes, and reaction rates with neutron etc., are incredibly scarce. The ultimate goal is to understand the origin of uranium. The nuclei along the pathway to uranium in the r-process are in "Terra Incognita". In principle, as many of these nuclides have more neutrons than 238U, this region is inaccessible via the in-flight fragmentation reactions and in-flight fission reactions used at the present major facilities worldwide. Therefore, the multi-nucleon transfer (MNT) reaction, which has been studied at the KEK Isotope Separation System (KISS), is attracting attention. However, in contrast to in-flight fission and fragmentation, the nuclei produced by the MNT reaction have characteristic kinematics with broad angular distribution and relatively low energies which makes them non-amenable to in-flight separation techniques. KISS-II would be the first facility to effectively connect production, separation, and analysis of nuclides along the r-process path leading to uranium. This will be accomplished by the use of a large solenoid to collect MNT products while rejecting the intense primary beam, a large helium gas catcher to thermalize the MNT products, and an MRTOF mass spectrograph to perform mass analysis and isobaric purification of subsequent spectroscopic studies. The facility will finally allow us to explore the neutron-rich nuclides in this Terra Incognita.

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