论文标题
红色螺旋的起源和特性：宇宙学模拟的见解
The origin and properties of red spirals: Insights from cosmological simulations
论文作者
论文摘要
螺旋星系的很大一部分是红色，气体贫困，并且恒星形成速率低（SFRS）。我们使用Illustristng100模拟研究这些异常对象。在1912年从最后一次模拟输出中选择的良好磁盘星系中，我们使用一些代表性的示例来识别377个红色对象，并描述其特性和起源。模拟的红色螺旋形成通常非常贫困，SFRS非常低，比其余磁盘更大，并且具有更大的恒星质量。只有大约13％的红色螺旋形遭受了强烈的质量损失，因此可能是由于RAM压力和气体的潮汐剥离或类似过程而产生的。大多数红色磁盘可能是通过活性银河核（AGN）的反馈来淬火的。这一结论得到了较高的黑洞质量和红色磁盘的较低积聚率，以及在Illustristng模拟中实现的动力学反馈模式中注入周围气体中的较大的AGN反馈能。气体损失的时间尺度与AGN淬火星系的黑洞生长以及环境消散的星系的损失相关。红色的螺旋更可能拥有条形，它们的棒比其余磁盘更强，这可能是气体损失的影响，而不是淬火的原因。
A significant fraction of spiral galaxies are red, gas-poor, and have low star formation rates (SFRs). We study these unusual objects using the IllustrisTNG100 simulation. Among 1912 well-resolved disk galaxies selected from the last simulation output, we identify 377 red objects and describe their properties and origins using a few representative examples. The simulated red spirals turn out to be typically very gas-poor, have very low SFRs, are more metal-rich, and have larger stellar masses than the remaining disks. Only about 13% of red spirals suffered strong mass loss and thus could have resulted from environmental quenching by ram pressure and tidal stripping of the gas, or similar processes. The majority of red disks were probably quenched by feedback from the active galactic nucleus (AGN). This conclusion is supported by the higher black hole masses and lower accretion rates of red disks, as well as the larger total AGN feedback energies injected into the surrounding gas in the kinetic feedback mode implemented in the IllustrisTNG simulations. The timescales of the gas loss correlate with the black hole growth for the AGN-quenched galaxies and with the dark-matter loss for the environmentally quenched ones. The red spirals are more likely to possess bars, and their bars are stronger than in the remaining disks, which is probably the effect of gas loss rather than the reason for quenching.
