论文标题
星际流星是材料强度的异常值
Interstellar Meteors are Outliers in Material Strength
论文作者
论文摘要
美国政府传感器在2014年发现了第一个大于灰尘的星际流星，该尘埃在2019年被确定为星际对象候选者，并在2022年由国防部确认。在这里，我们描述了Cneos Fireball Catalog中的另一个星际对象候选者，并比较此处的两个对象的暗示物质强度，请参阅此处的两个物质强度，请参阅此处的AS 1和Im2和Im2和Im2和Im2和Im2和Im2和Im2和Im2。 IM1和IM2在CNEOS目录中所有273个火球中的物质强度方面排名1和3。将日志正态分布拟合到Cneos目录中物体的材料强度，IM1和IM2的物质强度分别为$3.5σ$和$2.6σ$的离群值。从Cneos目录中挑选出具有如此高材料强度的两个对象的随机抽样和高斯概率是$ \ sim 10^{ - 4} $和$ \ sim 10^{ - 6} $。如果确认IM2，这意味着星际流星来自具有材料强度特征在于太阳系内的流星的人群。此外，我们发现，如果这两个对象代表了随机轨迹的背景群体，则它们的合并检测意味着所有难治元素的$ \ sim 40 \％$ $都锁定在仪表尺度的星际对象中。如此高的丰度似乎违背了行星系统的起源。
The first interstellar meteor larger than dust was detected by US government sensors in 2014, identified as an interstellar object candidate in 2019, and confirmed by the Department of Defense in 2022. Here, we describe an additional interstellar object candidate in the CNEOS fireball catalog, and compare the implied material strength of the two objects, referred to here as IM1 and IM2, respectively. IM1 and IM2 are ranked 1 and 3 in terms of material strength out of all 273 fireballs in the CNEOS catalog. Fitting a log-normal distribution to material strengths of objects in the CNEOS catalog, IM1 and IM2 are outliers at the levels of $3.5 σ$ and $2.6 σ$, respectively. The random sampling and Gaussian probabilities, respectively, of picking two objects with such high material strength from the CNEOS catalog, are $\sim 10^{-4}$ and $\sim 10^{-6}$. If IM2 is confirmed, this implies that interstellar meteors come from a population with material strength characteristically higher than meteors originating from within the solar system. Additionally, we find that if the two objects are representative of a background population on random trajectories, their combined detections imply that $\sim 40\%$ of all refractory elements are locked in meter-scale interstellar objects. Such a high abundance seemingly defies a planetary system origin.
