论文标题
交换粒子主导的系统
Systems Dominated by Exchange Particles
论文作者
论文摘要
众所周知，由库仑电势相互作用的非相关的两体系统的频谱是Balmer系列$ e_n = \ frac {α^2M} {4n^2} $由Schrödinger方程产生的。 1954年，Wick和Cutkosky在Bethe-Salpeter方程框架中发现，对于$α> \fracπ{4} $，相对论效应会导致新的水平（除了Balmer系列之外）。但是，这些新国家的物理性质尚不清楚，因此它们的存在受到质疑。我们最近表明，这些额外的状态由交换（无质量）颗粒主导，并以光速移动。这就是为什么他们没有出现在非权益主义（Schrödinger）框架中的原因。
As well known, the spectrum of a non-relativistic two-body system interacting by the Coulomb potential is the Balmer series $E_n=\frac{α^2m}{4n^2}$ produced by the Schrödinger equation. In 1954, Wick and Cutkosky have found, in the Bethe-Salpeter equation framework, that for $α>\fracπ{4}$ the relativistic effects result in new levels (in addition to the Balmer series). However, the physical nature of these new states remained unclear and therefore their existence was being questioned. We have recently shown that these extra states are dominated by the exchange (massless) particles, moving with speed of light. That's why they did not appear in the non-relativistic (Schrödinger) framework.
