论文标题
使用血管动力和差异平坦的USV的有效轨迹计划和控制
Efficient Trajectory Planning and Control for USV with Vessel Dynamics and Differential Flatness
论文作者
论文摘要
无人的地表容器（USV）广泛用于海洋勘探和环境保护场。为了确保USV能够成功执行其任务，轨迹计划和运动跟踪是两种最关键的技术。在本文中，我们根据优化理论提出了一种新型的USV轨迹生成和跟踪方法。具体而言，USV动力学模型的差分均衡性描述，因此在最佳边界值的目标下，在线性不变的系统表达形式中可以通过动态RRT*生成轨迹。为了减少样本数并提高效率，我们通过局部优化调整轨迹。在优化过程中考虑了动态约束，因此生成的轨迹符合未散发船体的运动学特征，并使其更容易跟踪。最后，在顺序二次编程问题下使用模型预测控制添加运动跟踪。实验结果表明，计划的轨迹与USV的运动学特征更加一致，并且跟踪精度仍然更高。
Unmanned surface vessels (USVs) are widely used in ocean exploration and environmental protection fields. To ensure that USV can successfully perform its mission, trajectory planning and motion tracking are the two most critical technologies. In this paper, we propose a novel trajectory generation and tracking method for USV based on optimization theory. Specifically, the USV dynamic model is described with differential flatness, so that the trajectory can be generated by dynamic RRT* in a linear invariant system expression form under the objective of optimal boundary value. To reduce the sample number and improve efficiency, we adjust the trajectory through local optimization. The dynamic constraints are considered in the optimization process so that the generated trajectory conforms to the kinematic characteristics of the under-actuated hull, and makes it easier to be tracked. Finally, motion tracking is added with model predictive control under a sequential quadratic programming problem. Experimental results show the planned trajectory is more in line with the kinematic characteristics of USV, and the tracking accuracy remains a higher level.
