论文标题
GW-Universe工具箱III：模拟引力波和伽马射线爆发的关节观察
The GW-Universe Toolbox III: simulating joint observations of gravitational waves and gamma-ray bursts
论文作者
论文摘要
在当前的多理智天文学时代，重要的是，关于通过短伽马射线爆发（SGRB）的关节引力波（GW）和电磁（EM）观察的信息仍然可以轻松访问。非专家执行对联合GW-SGRB检测的快速计算的可能性应促进。我们构建了SGRB模型，并将其添加到先前建造的重力波宇宙工具箱的框架中。我们为GW检测器和高能量（HE）仪器的不同组合提供了预期的GW-SGRB检测率。我们采用并调整了通用的GRB模型来创建适合工具箱的顶级喷气机型号。我们模拟用户指定的GW检测器观察到的二进制中子星（BNSS）的种群。我们的模型可以预测所得SGRB的性质及其可检测性。我们报告了GW检测器与HE仪器的组合预测的联合检测率。我们的发现强调了爱因斯坦望远镜（ET）影响的重要性。 ET将以这样的速度观察BNSS，以至于绝大多数检测到的SGRB都会观察到GW对应物。此外，鉴于Ligo Horizon有限，使用HE探测器中的SGRB信息在更高的红移处搜索阈值GW信号具有非常成功的可能性。同等地，在ET时代，GW数据可以帮助查找子阈值SGRB，可能会增加，例如联合ET-FERMI/GBM观测值的数量$ \ sim $ 270％。最后，我们发现我们的顶级射流模型低估了包括离轴SGRB在内的关节检测数量。我们使用第二个更宽且较弱的喷气组件对此进行纠正。我们发现，当前时代的大多数联合检测将包括离轴SGRB，这使得GRB170817A的不太可能不如人们想象的那么不可能。在ET时代，大多数联合检测将包含轴上的SGRB。
In the current multi-messenger astronomy era, it is important that information about joint gravitational wave (GW) and electromagnetic (EM) observations through short gamma-ray burst (sGRBs) remains easily accessible. The possibility for non-experts to execute quick computations of joint GW-sGRB detections should be facilitated. We construct a sGRB model and add this to the framework of the previously-built Gravitational Wave Universe Toolbox. We provide expected joint GW-sGRB detection rates for different combinations of GW detectors and high-energy (HE) instruments. We employ and adapt a generic GRB model to create a top-hat jet model suitable for the Toolbox. We simulate a population of binary neutron stars (BNSs) observed by a user-specified GW detector. Our model predicts the properties of a resulting sGRB, as well as its detectability. We report predicted joint detection rates for combinations of GW detectors with HE instruments. Our findings stress the significance of the impact of the Einstein Telescope (ET); ET will observe BNSs at such a rate that the vast majority of detected sGRBs will have an observed GW counterpart. Additionally, given the limited LIGO horizon, a search for sub-threshold GW signals at higher redshifts using sGRB information from HE detectors has the potential to be very successful. Equivalently, during the ET era, GW data can assist in finding sub-threshold sGRBs, potentially increasing e.g. the number of joint ET-Fermi/GBM observations by $\sim$270%. Lastly, we find that our top-hat jet model underestimates the number of joint detections that include an off-axis sGRB. We correct for this with a second, wider and weaker jet component. We find that the majority of joint detections during the current era will include an off-axis sGRB, making GRB170817A not as unlikely as one would think. In the ET era, most joint detections will contain an on-axis sGRB.
