论文标题
来自电子流动流的声流的鹰辐射
Hawking radiation from acoustic black holes in hydrodynamic flow of electrons
论文作者
论文摘要
当以亚音速速度流动,加速并变成超音速时,会形成原声黑洞。当流动从亚音速到超音速区域的导向时,流体速度正常成分的表面等于声音的局部速度作为声学范围。这是因为没有来自超音速区域的声学扰动可以交叉以达到流体的亚音速部分。可以证明,如果流体速度在局部无关,则速度电位的声学扰动的场方程与在黑洞背景中传播的无质量标量场相同。因此,一个人期望以声子的热光谱形式鹰辐射。在理论上以及实验上,已经对这种可能性进行了许多研究,从冷原子系统到相对论重离子碰撞中形成的夸克 - 格鲁隆等离子体等系统。在这里,我们在电子流动流中研究了这种可能性。在这种情况下,应在当前波动方面观察到鹰的辐射。此外,声学视野两侧的当前波动应显示成对鹰颗粒的相关性。
Acoustic black holes are formed when a fluid flowing with subsonic velocities, accelerates and becomes supersonic. When the flow is directed from the subsonic to supersonic region, the surface on which the normal component of fluid velocity equals the local speed of sound acts as an acoustic horizon. This is because no acoustic perturbation from the supersonic region can cross it to reach the subsonic part of the fluid. One can show that if the fluid velocity is locally irrotational, the field equations for acoustic perturbations of the velocity potential are identical to that of a massless scalar field propagating in a black hole background. One, therefore, expects Hawking radiation in the form of a thermal spectrum of phonons. There have been numerous investigations of this possibility, theoretically, as well as experimentally, in systems ranging from cold atom systems to quark-gluon plasma formed in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Here we investigate this possibility in the hydrodynamic flow of electrons. Resulting Hawking radiation in this case should be observable in terms of current fluctuations. Further, current fluctuations on both sides of the acoustic horizon should show correlations expected for pairs of Hawking particles.