论文标题
宇宙射线无线电阵列效率的概率模型
A Probabilistic Model for the Efficiency of Cosmic-Ray Radio Arrays
论文作者
论文摘要
宇宙射线阵雨的数字无线电检测已成为高能Astroparticle物理学中的替代技术。估计宇宙射线无线电阵列的检测效率是该技术剩下的少数挑战之一。为了解决这个问题，我们根据无线电技术的关键要素的显式概率处理开发了一个模型：地面上无线电信号的足迹，单个天线中信号的检测以及整个阵列水平上的检测标准。该模型允许估算全效率的天空区域，可用于计算阵列的光圈，这对于测量宇宙射线的绝对通量至关重要。我们还提出了一种应用于通用模型的半分析方法，以高精度和合理的计算时间来计算效率和光圈。本文中的模型被应用于Tunka-Rex阵列，作为仪器，并针对Monte Carlo模拟进行了验证。该验证表明，该模型在具有完全效率的区域的预测中表现良好。因此，它可以应用于其他天线阵列，以促进绝对宇宙射线通量的测量，并最大程度地减少宇宙射线研究中的选择偏差。
Digital radio detection of cosmic-ray air showers has emerged as an alternative technique in high-energy astroparticle physics. Estimation of the detection efficiency of cosmic-ray radio arrays is one of the few remaining challenges regarding this technique. To address this problem, we developed a model based on the explicit probabilistic treatment of key elements of the radio technique for air showers: the footprint of the radio signal on ground, the detection of the signal in an individual antenna, and the detection criterion on the level of the entire array. The model allows for estimation of sky regions of full efficiency and can be used to compute the aperture of the array, which is essential to measure the absolute flux of cosmic rays. We also present a semi-analytical method that we apply to the generic model, to calculate the efficiency and aperture with high accuracy and reasonable calculation time. The model in this paper is applied to the Tunka-Rex array as example instrument and validated against Monte Carlo simulations. The validation shows that the model performs well, in particular, in the prediction of regions with full efficiency. It can thus be applied to other antenna arrays to facilitate the measurement of absolute cosmic-ray fluxes and to minimize a selection bias in cosmic-ray studies.
