论文标题
Marvel DC：基于区块链的分散和激励兼容的分布式计算协议
Marvel DC: A Blockchain-Based Decentralized and Incentive-Compatible Distributed Computing Protocol
论文作者
论文摘要
分散的计算外包应该使任何人都可以访问物联网中存在的大量计算能力。不幸的是，当删除受信任的第三方以实现这种权力下放，确保正确执行外包计算仍然是一个重大挑战。在本文中，我们提供了解决此问题的解决方案。 我们概述了Marvel DC，这是一种完全分散的基于区块链的分布式计算协议，该协议正式确保严格激励计算机以正确执行请求的计算。此外，Marvel DC还利用信誉管理协议来确保，对于未正确执行计算的任何少数计算机，这些计算机被确定并选择以减少概率的计算。然后，我们概述了隐私Marvel DC，这是Marvel DC的隐私增强版本，该版本是由计算机计算的计算机导致的，使协议适合于诸如联合学习之类的计算，结果可以揭示有关计算它们的计算机的敏感信息。我们提供了Marvel DC的实施和两种协议的分析，表明它们不仅是提供上述正式担保的第一批协议，而且还具有实用性，具有竞争力，可以在现场尝试进行部署。
Decentralized computation outsourcing should allow anyone to access the large amounts of computational power that exists in the Internet of Things. Unfortunately, when trusted third parties are removed to achieve this decentralization, ensuring an outsourced computation is performed correctly remains a significant challenge. In this paper, we provide a solution to this problem. We outline Marvel DC, a fully decentralized blockchain-based distributed-computing protocol which formally guarantees that computers are strictly incentivized to correctly perform requested computations. Furthermore, Marvel DC utilizes a reputation management protocol to ensure that, for any minority of computers not performing calculations correctly, these computers are identified and selected for computations with diminishing probability. We then outline Privacy Marvel DC, a privacy-enhanced version of Marvel DC which decouples results from the computers which computed them, making the protocol suitable for computations such as Federated Learning, where results can reveal sensitive information about that computer that computed them. We provide an implementation of Marvel DC and analyses of both protocols, demonstrating that they are not only the first protocols to provide the aforementioned formal guarantees, but are also practical, competitive with prior attempts in the field, and ready to deploy.
