论文标题
关于识别和缓解太阳向量磁场数据的推断测量中的偏差
On Identifying and Mitigating Bias in Inferred Measurements for Solar Vector Magnetic Field Data
论文作者
论文摘要
讨论了垂直于视线bperp的偏见问题,含义过高或低估,在矢量磁场图中。关于该主题的先前工作表明,问题存在。在这里,我们进行了新颖的调查,以量化偏见,充分了解其来源并提供缓解策略。首先,我们开发定量指标来测量BPERP偏置并量化局部(物理)和天然图像平面成分的效果。其次,我们测试和评估不同的反转选项和数据源,以系统地表征选择的影响,包括明确考虑磁填充分数FF。第三,我们部署了一个简单的模型来测试偏差的噪声和不同模型。从这三个研究中,我们发现,尽管偏倚主要存在于溶解的结构中,但它也存在于强场像素填充结构中。磁图中的噪声会加剧问题,但这不是主要原因。我们表明,拟合FF明确提供了明显的缓解,但是其他考虑因素,例如选择权重和优化算法也可能影响结果。最后,我们演示了可以在事后进行后使用的简单“快速修复”,但在求解BPERP中的180度歧义之前,并且当用于模型边界输入的全局尺度结构时,这可能是有用的。这项工作的结论支持了反演代码的部署,这些代码明确适合FF或与新的Synthia神经网络一样,对此进行了培训。
The problem of bias, meaning over- or underestimation, of the component perpendicular to the line-of-sight, Bperp, in vector magnetic field maps is discussed. Previous works on this topic have illustrated that the problem exists; here we perform novel investigations to quantify the bias, fully understand its source(s), and provide mitigation strategies. First, we develop quantitative metrics to measure the Bperp bias and quantify the effect in both local (physical) and native image-plane components. Second we test and evaluate different inversion options and data sources, to systematically characterize the impacts of choices, including explicitly accounting for the magnetic fill fraction ff. Third we deploy a simple model to test how noise and different models of the bias may manifest. From these three investigations we find that while the bias is dominantly present in under-resolved structures, it is also present in strong-field pixel-filling structures. Noise in the magnetograms can exacerbate the problem, but it is not the primary cause. We show that fitting ff explicitly provides significant mitigation, but that other considerations such as choice of chi^2 weights and optimization algorithms can impact the results as well. Finally, we demonstrate a straightforward "quick fix" that can be applied post-facto but prior to solving the 180deg ambiguity in Bperp, and which may be useful when global-scale structures are, e.g., used for model boundary input. The conclusions of this work support the deployment of inversion codes that explicitly fit ff or, as with the new SyntHIA neural-net, that are trained on data that did so.