论文标题
卫星阴影穿过恒星仿制
Satellite shadows through stellar occultations
论文作者
论文摘要
评估了卫星在夜间光学观察过程中卫星在低地球轨道中的影响。轨道几何形状用于计算卫星对单个恒星光度法的恒星掩星的影响,以及对宽视野观测值的光度校准的影响。 Starlink型卫星将有几个弧形的固定磁盘。加上螺型越过0.1-100毫秒,这将导致恒星通量测定的光度“抖动”。给定恒星的影响水平取决于固定界面的整合时间的比率。在当前,基于CCD的天气调查这种影响可以忽略不计(<< 1%),但是随着未来的基于CMO的基于CMOS的宽场调查,以频率> 1Hz的频率获取数据,这种影响将增长在完全退出的情况下。在类似于掩盖杂交时间的整合时间,可以使用掩盖方法来追踪卫星的轨道。在较短的整合时间,可以推断出卫星的形状。通过高速CMOS技术使卫星通过卫星通过卫星的出色掩星将是一种研究轨道卫星的新方法。大规模监控程序将需要独立确定和更新卫星的轨道。
The impact of mega-constellations of satellites in low-Earth orbit during nighttime optical observations is assessed. Orbital geometry is used to calculate the impact of stellar occultations by satellites on the photometry of individual stars as well as the effect on the photometric calibration of wide-field observations. Starlink-type satellites will have occultation disks several arcseconds across. Together with occultation crossing times of 0.1-100 msec, this will lead to photometric `jitter' on the flux determination of stars. The level of impact for a given star depends on the ratio of the integration time of the frame over the occultation crossing time. In current-day, CCD-based synoptic surveys this impact is negligible (<<1%), but with future, CMOS-based wide-field surveys obtaining data at frequencies >1Hz, the impact will grow towards complete drop-outs. At integration times similar to the occultation crossing time, the orbit of a satellite can be traced using the occultation method. At even shorter integration times the shape of the occulting satellite can be deduced. Stellar occultations by passing satellites, enabled by high-speed CMOS technology, will be a new method to study orbiting satellites. Large scale monitoring programs will be needed to, independently, determine and update the orbits of satellites.