论文标题
控制和测量位置和动量的叠加
Controlling and measuring a superposition of position and momentum
论文作者
论文摘要
在自由空间中传播的粒子的动力学用其位置和动量描述，在该位置和动量中，量子力学禁止同时鉴定两个非交换性物理量。最近，在粒子以直线行进的假设下，在定义的初始限制下，在定义的初始约束方面得出了在定义的初始约束方面找到粒子的概率的下限。在这里，我们用光子在实验上研究了此下限。我们通过使用缝隙，镜头和干涉仪准备了位置和动量状态的叠加，并观察到位置和动量之间的量子干扰。然后使用初始状态评估下限，结果低于此经典结合5.9 \％。
The dynamics of a particle propagating in free space is described by its position and momentum, where quantum mechanics prohibits the simultaneous identification of two non-commutative physical quantities. Recently, a lower bound on the probability of finding a particle after propagating for a given time has been derived for well-defined initial constraints on position and momentum under the assumption that particles travel in straight lines. Here, we investigate this lower limit experimentally with photons. We prepared a superposition of position and momentum states by using slits, lenses and an interferometer, and observed a quantum interference between position and momentum. The lower bound was then evaluated using the initial state and the result was 5.9\% below this classical bound.
