论文标题
地平线的双门
The double doors of the horizon
论文作者
论文摘要
在统计力学中，熵是遵守Boltzmann的公式$ s = \ log {\ cal n} $的量度，其中$ {\ cal n} $是可访问的相位空间量。在黑洞热力学中，一个人将熵bekenstein-hawking $ s_ {bh} $关联。众所周知，对于天体物理的黑洞，$ s_ {bh} $比任何可能引起黑洞的材料对象都大得多。如果$ s_ {bh} $是一个熵，那么问题是什么是相应的$ {\ cal n} $，而这种非常大的相位空间体积只能通过重力崩溃向宇宙打开，从另一个角度来看，这看起来像是大量可能性的损失。我提出了一个假设，即熵的大幅度增加可能被理解为经典重力的影响，当量子重力发挥作用时，最终会降至最低点。我比较并讨论有关这些问题的非常丰富的文献的选择。
In statistical mechanics entropy is a measure of disorder obeying Boltzmann's formula $S=\log{\cal N}$, where ${\cal N}$ is the accessible phase space volume. In black hole thermodynamics one associates to a black hole an entropy Bekenstein-Hawking $S_{BH}$. It is well known that $S_{BH}$ is very large for astrophysical black holes, much larger than any collection of material objects that could have given rise to the black hole. If $S_{BH}$ is an entropy the question is thus what is the corresponding ${\cal N}$, and how come this very large phase space volume is only opened up to the universe by a gravitational collapse, which from another perspective looks like a massive loss of possibilities. I advance a hypothesis that the very large increase in entropy can perhaps be understood as an effect of classical gravity, which eventually bottoms out when quantum gravity comes into play. I compare and discuss a selection of the very rich literature around these questions.
