论文标题
用于异步计算的加速定理,并应用于共识和近似协议
A Speedup Theorem for Asynchronous Computation with Applications to Consensus and Approximate Agreement
论文作者
论文摘要
我们通过一种新的方法来证明下限和不可能结果,研究了分布式计算,共识和近似协议的两个基本问题,我们称之为异步速度定理。对于给定的$ n $ - 过程任务$π$和给定的计算型$ m $,我们定义了一个新任务,称为$ M $的$π$关闭。异步速度定理指出,如果任务$π$可在$ t \ geq 1 $ rounds中求解,则以$ m $为单位,则其关闭W.R.T. $ m $可在$ t-1 $ rounds中解决$ m $。只要该模型允许单独执行,我们就会证明该定理的迭代模型。我们通过提供新的证明使用读/写寄存器提供了无需候补的共识的新证明,并提供了新的证明,并提供了使用寄存器求解共识并以$ n> 2 $进行测试\&设置对象,从而说明了异步速度定理的力量。证明仅仅是通过证明在每种情况下的共识封闭(W.R.T.相应的模型)本身就是共识本身。我们的主要应用是研究其他物体的功能,即测试\&set and二进制共识,以更快地解决近似协议。通过分析近似协议的关闭W.R.T.这两个模型中的每一个,我们都表明,尽管这些对象比从可计算性的角度使用读/写寄存器更强大,但就帮助更快地解决近似协议而言,它们并不是更强大。
We study two fundamental problems of distributed computing, consensus and approximate agreement, through a novel approach for proving lower bounds and impossibility results, that we call the asynchronous speedup theorem. For a given $n$-process task $Π$ and a given computational model $M$, we define a new task, called the closure of $Π$ with respect to $M$. The asynchronous speedup theorem states that if a task $Π$ is solvable in $t\geq 1$ rounds in $M$, then its closure w.r.t. $M$ is solvable in $t-1$ rounds in $M$. We prove this theorem for iterated models, as long as the model allows solo executions. We illustrate the power of our asynchronous speedup theorem by providing a new proof of the wait-free impossibility of consensus using read/write registers, and a new proof of the wait-free impossibility of solving consensus using registers and test\&set objects for $n>2$. The proof is merely by showing that, in each case, the closure of consensus (w.r.t. the corresponding model) is consensus itself. Our main application is the study of the power of additional objects, namely test\&set and binary consensus, for wait-free solving approximate agreement faster. By analyzing the closure of approximate agreement w.r.t. each of the two models, we show that while these objects are more powerful than read/write registers from the computability perspective, they are not more powerful as far as helping solving approximate agreement faster is concerned.