论文标题
胸部X射线异常检测的双分布差异
Dual-Distribution Discrepancy for Anomaly Detection in Chest X-Rays
论文作者
论文摘要
胸部X射线(CXR)是诊断各种疾病的最典型放射学检查。由于昂贵且耗时的注释,以无监督的方式检测CXRS的异常是非常有前途的。但是,几乎所有现有的方法都将异常检测视为单级分类(OCC)问题。它们在训练过程中仅模拟仅已知正常图像的分布,并确定在测试阶段不符合正常剖面的样品。因此,在训练阶段忽略了大量包含异常情况的未标记图像,尽管它们在临床实践中很容易获得。在本文中,我们提出了一种新颖的策略,即使用已知的正常图像和未标记的图像,对异常检测(DDAD)的双分布差异(DDAD)。提出的方法由两个模块组成。在训练过程中,一个模块将已知的正常图像和未标记的图像作为输入,以某种方式捕获来自未标记的图像的异常特征,而另一个模型仅模拟仅已知正常图像的分布。随后,两个模块之间的分配间隔和仅在正常图像上训练的模块内的验证术被设计为表明异常的异常得分。在三个CXR数据集上的实验表明,所提出的DDAD达到一致,显着的增长和优于最先进的方法。代码可在https://github.com/caiyu6666/ddad上找到。
Chest X-ray (CXR) is the most typical radiological exam for diagnosis of various diseases. Due to the expensive and time-consuming annotations, detecting anomalies in CXRs in an unsupervised fashion is very promising. However, almost all of the existing methods consider anomaly detection as a one-class classification (OCC) problem. They model the distribution of only known normal images during training and identify the samples not conforming to normal profile as anomalies in the testing phase. A large number of unlabeled images containing anomalies are thus ignored in the training phase, although they are easy to obtain in clinical practice. In this paper, we propose a novel strategy, Dual-distribution Discrepancy for Anomaly Detection (DDAD), utilizing both known normal images and unlabeled images. The proposed method consists of two modules. During training, one module takes both known normal and unlabeled images as inputs, capturing anomalous features from unlabeled images in some way, while the other one models the distribution of only known normal images. Subsequently, inter-discrepancy between the two modules, and intra-discrepancy inside the module that is trained on only normal images are designed as anomaly scores to indicate anomalies. Experiments on three CXR datasets demonstrate that the proposed DDAD achieves consistent, significant gains and outperforms state-of-the-art methods. Code is available at https://github.com/caiyu6666/DDAD.