论文标题
了解机器学习从业者的数据文档感知,需求,挑战和挑战
Understanding Machine Learning Practitioners' Data Documentation Perceptions, Needs, Challenges, and Desiderata
论文作者
论文摘要
数据对于机器学习(ML)模型的开发和评估至关重要。但是,当部署所得模型时,使用有问题或不适当的数据集可能会造成危害。为了通过对数据集进行更故意的反思和创建过程的透明度来鼓励负责的AI实践,研究人员和从业人员已经开始倡导增加数据文档,并提出了几个数据文档框架。但是,几乎没有研究这些数据文档框架是否满足创建和消费数据集的ML从业者的需求。为了解决这一差距,我们着手了解ML从业人员的数据文档感知,需求,挑战和Desiderata,目的是推导设计要求,可以为将来的数据文档框架提供信息。我们对一家大型国际技术公司的14名ML从业者进行了一系列半结构化访谈。我们让他们回答了从数据集中提取的问题的列表(Gebru,2021)。我们的发现表明,目前的数据文档方法在很大程度上是临时的,而且本质上是近视的。参与者表达了对数据文档框架的需求,可以适应其上下文,并将其集成到现有的工具和工作流程中,并尽可能自动化。尽管数据文档框架通常是从负责人AI的角度进行的,但参与者并没有在他们被要求回答的问题与负责的AI含义之间建立联系。此外,参与者通常会在数据集消费者的需求方面优先考虑,并提供了不熟悉其数据集可能需要知道的信息。基于这些发现,我们为将来的数据文档框架得出了七个设计要求。
Data is central to the development and evaluation of machine learning (ML) models. However, the use of problematic or inappropriate datasets can result in harms when the resulting models are deployed. To encourage responsible AI practice through more deliberate reflection on datasets and transparency around the processes by which they are created, researchers and practitioners have begun to advocate for increased data documentation and have proposed several data documentation frameworks. However, there is little research on whether these data documentation frameworks meet the needs of ML practitioners, who both create and consume datasets. To address this gap, we set out to understand ML practitioners' data documentation perceptions, needs, challenges, and desiderata, with the goal of deriving design requirements that can inform future data documentation frameworks. We conducted a series of semi-structured interviews with 14 ML practitioners at a single large, international technology company. We had them answer a list of questions taken from datasheets for datasets (Gebru, 2021). Our findings show that current approaches to data documentation are largely ad hoc and myopic in nature. Participants expressed needs for data documentation frameworks to be adaptable to their contexts, integrated into their existing tools and workflows, and automated wherever possible. Despite the fact that data documentation frameworks are often motivated from the perspective of responsible AI, participants did not make the connection between the questions that they were asked to answer and their responsible AI implications. In addition, participants often had difficulties prioritizing the needs of dataset consumers and providing information that someone unfamiliar with their datasets might need to know. Based on these findings, we derive seven design requirements for future data documentation frameworks.