论文标题

分配不可分割的项目的新公平概念

New Fairness Concepts for Allocating Indivisible Items

论文作者

Caragiannis, Ioannis, Garg, Jugal, Rathi, Nidhi, Sharma, Eklavya, Varricchio, Giovanna

论文摘要

对于在代理商中公平划分一组不可分割的物品的基本问题,嫉妒的任何物品(EFX)和最大值公平(MMS)可以说是迄今为止提出的最引人注目的公平概念。不幸的是,尽管在过去几年中付出了巨大的努力,但EFX分配是否始终存在仍然是一个神秘的开放问题,更不用说其有效的计算了。此外,今天我们知道MMS分配并不总是保证存在。这些事实削弱了EFX和MMS的实用性,尽管它们具有吸引力。我们提出了两个替代公平概念,称为认识论EFX(EEFX)和最低EFX共享公平性(MXS),灵感来自EFX和MMS。对于这两个方面,我们都探索了他们与经过充分研究的公平概念的关系,更重要的是,证明EEFX和MXS分配始终存在,并且可以有效地计算出用于增材估值。我们的结果证明,新的公平概念可以是EFX和MMS的绝佳选择。

For the fundamental problem of fairly dividing a set of indivisible items among agents, envy-freeness up to any item (EFX) and maximin fairness (MMS) are arguably the most compelling fairness concepts proposed until now. Unfortunately, despite significant efforts over the past few years, whether EFX allocations always exist is still an enigmatic open problem, let alone their efficient computation. Furthermore, today we know that MMS allocations are not always guaranteed to exist. These facts weaken the usefulness of both EFX and MMS, albeit their appealing conceptual characteristics. We propose two alternative fairness concepts, called epistemic EFX (EEFX) and minimum EFX share fairness (MXS), inspired by EFX and MMS. For both, we explore their relationships to well-studied fairness notions and, more importantly, prove that EEFX and MXS allocations always exist and can be computed efficiently for additive valuations. Our results justify that the new fairness concepts can be excellent alternatives to EFX and MMS.

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