论文标题
活性银核中温暖吸收剂的时间依赖的光电离模型
Time Dependent Photoionization Modeling of Warm Absorbers in Active Galactic Nuclei
论文作者
论文摘要
温暖的吸收光谱包含许多活性银河核(AGN)中X射线和紫外线光谱中看到的无界吸收特征。这些特征的宽度和质心能量表明它们发生在流出的气体中,并且流出会影响宿主星系中的气体。因此,温暖的吸收量和能源预算引起了极大的兴趣。这些特性的估计取决于将观察到的吸收特征的强度与吸收气体的密度,组成和电离状态联系起来的模型。这样的模型假设气体的电离和加热主要来自中央黑洞附近的强连续体。他们还假设各种加热,冷却,电离和重组过程处于稳定的平衡状态。由于照明连续体的内在时间变化或其他改变云环境的因素,该假设可能无效。本文介绍了温暖吸收器的模型,这些模型遵循温暖吸收剂气体云中电离,温度和辐射场的时间依赖性,以响应变化的连续体照明。我们表明,时间可变性的影响在一系列参数值中很重要,时间依赖的模型与均衡模型的不同,并且这些效果应包括在得出温暖吸收器流出特性的模型中。
Warm absorber spectra contain bound-bound and bound-free absorption features seen in the X-ray and UV spectra from many active galactic nuclei (AGN). The widths and centroid energies of these features indicate they occur in outflowing gas, and the outflow can affect the gas within the host galaxy. Thus the warm absorber mass and energy budgets are of great interest. Estimates for these properties depend on models which connect the observed strengths of the absorption features with the density, composition, and ionization state of the absorbing gas. Such models assume that the ionization and heating of the gas come primarily from the strong continuum near the central black hole. They also assume that the various heating, cooling, ionization, and recombination processes are in a time-steady balance. This assumption may not be valid, owing to the intrinsic time-variability of the illuminating continuum, or other factors which change the cloud environment. This paper presents models for warm absorbers which follow the time dependence of the ionization, temperature, and radiation field in warm absorber gas clouds in response to a changing continuum illumination. We show that the effects of time variability are important over a range of parameter values, that time dependent models differ from equilibrium models in important ways, and that these effects should be included in models which derive properties of warm absorber outflows.