论文标题
固定液体界面处的量子反馈：流动诱导的电子电流及其对摩擦的负贡献
Quantum feedback at the solid-liquid interface: flow-induced electronic current and its negative contribution to friction
论文作者
论文摘要
通过导体驱动的电子电流可以通过著名的库仑阻力效应诱导另一导体中的电流。在移动的流体和导体之间的界面上已经报道了类似的现象，但是它们的解释仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们利用非平衡的Keldysh框架，开发了一种相互交织的流体和电子流的量子力学理论。我们预测，全球中性液体可以在其流动的实心壁中产生电子电流。这种流体动力的库仑阻力源于液体电荷波动与固体荷载载体之间的库仑相互作用，以及由固体声子介导的液电子相互作用。我们根据固体的电子和语音特性以及液体的介电响应明确地得出了库仑阻力电流，这一结果与最近在液态磷酸界面上的实验定量一致。此外，我们表明当前一代抵消了从液体到固体的动量转移，从而通过量子反馈机制降低了流体动力学系数。我们的结果为控制量子水平的纳米级液体流动提供了路线图，并提出了设计具有低流体动力摩擦的材料的策略。
An electronic current driven through a conductor can induce a current in another conductor through the famous Coulomb drag effect. Similar phenomena have been reported at the interface between a moving fluid and a conductor, but their interpretation has remained elusive. Here, we develop a quantum-mechanical theory of the intertwined fluid and electronic flows, taking advantage of the non-equilibrium Keldysh framework. We predict that a globally neutral liquid can generate an electronic current in the solid wall along which it flows. This hydrodynamic Coulomb drag originates from both the Coulomb interactions between the liquid's charge fluctuations and the solid's charge carriers, and the liquid-electron interaction mediated by the solid's phonons. We derive explicitly the Coulomb drag current in terms of the solid's electronic and phononic properties, as well as the liquid's dielectric response, a result which quantitatively agrees with recent experiments at the liquid-graphene interface. Furthermore, we show that the current generation counteracts momentum transfer from the liquid to the solid, leading to a reduction of the hydrodynamic friction coefficient through a quantum feedback mechanism. Our results provide a roadmap for controlling nanoscale liquid flows at the quantum level, and suggest strategies for designing materials with low hydrodynamic friction.
