论文标题

视力史访问:同意不同意功能区块链共识

SightSteeple: Agreeing to Disagree with Functional Blockchain Consensus

论文作者

Ahuja, Aditya

论文摘要

古典和现代分布式共识协议,可能是二进制协议,状态机器复制或区块链共识,要求点对点系统中的所有协议参与者都同意与共识有效载荷的一部分完全相同的信息。尽管这种共识模型得到了广泛的研究,并且对于大多数基于共识的分散应用程序很有用,但它通过定义正确的分布式系统,通过通过共识协议本身来授权参与者资格的特权可见性。我们引入了一个新的分布式共识范式,称为功能区块链共识。功能区块链共识允许每个区块链协议参与者就交易列表的某些不同的子信息达成共识,这是区块链系统中参与者的凭据的函数,而不是同意整个交易列表。我们激励两个对手模型,一种具有标准的撞车对手,另一个具有新颖的理性过失对手,以妥协功能区块链共识。然后,我们提出了一个称为SightSpeeple的区块链协议的两个版本,该协议在上述故障模型中达到了功能性区块链共识。 SightSpeeple依赖于标准区块链共识和功能加密等新颖的组合,以及其他原语,以实现其正确性的目标。最后,我们讨论了基于功能区块链共识的不对称分布分类账的实际用途,并激发了可能由这种新共识范式产生的卸载结构。

Classical and contemporary distributed consensus protocols, may they be for binary agreement, state machine replication, or blockchain consensus, require all protocol participants in a peer-to-peer system to agree on exactly the same information as part of the consensus payload. Although this model of consensus is extensively studied, and is useful for most consensus based decentralized applications, it falls short of defining correct distributed systems which mandate participant credential based privileged visibility into the consensus payload, through the consensus protocol itself. We introduce a new paradigm for distributed consensus, called functional blockchain consensus. Functional blockchain consensus allows each blockchain protocol participant to agree on some distinct sub-information of the list of transactions, as a function of the credentials of the participant in the blockchain system, instead of agreeing on the entire list of transactions. We motivate two adversary models, one with a standard crash-fault adversary and another with a novel rational-fault adversary, to compromise functional blockchain consensus. We then present two versions of a blockchain protocol called SightSteeple, that achieves functional blockchain consensus in the said fault models. SightSteeple relies on a novel combination of standard blockchain consensus and functional encryption, among other primitives, to achieve its goals of correctness. Finally, we discuss practical uses of functional blockchain consensus based asymmetric distributed ledgers, and motivate off-shoot constructions that can result from this new consensus paradigm.

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