论文标题
基于矩阵的耦合矩阵的束构造,用于超尖端天线阵列
Coupling Matrix-based Beamforming for Superdirective Antenna Arrays
论文作者
论文摘要
在大多数多输入的多重输出(MIMO)通信系统中,例如大量的MIMO,天线间距通常不少于一半波长。它有助于减少相互耦合,从而促进系统设计。最大数组增益是此设置中的天线数。但是,当天线间距非常小时,紧凑型阵列的阵列增益可能与天线数量的平方成正比 - 这一值比传统阵列大得多。但是,为了达到所谓的“超级导向”,众所周知,激发系数(波束成形载体)的计算是一个具有挑战性的问题。在本文中,我们根据新型耦合矩阵的方法得出了超倾向阵列的波束成形向量。我们还提出了一种获得耦合矩阵的方法,该方法由球形波扩展方法和活动元件模式得出。进行全波电磁模拟以验证我们提出的方法的有效性。仿真结果表明,当应用我们的方法获得的波束形成矢量时,设计的偶极天线阵列的方向性与理论值有很好的一致性。
In most multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems, e.g., Massive MIMO, the antenna spacing is generally no less than half a wavelength. It helps to reduce the mutual coupling and therefore facilitate the system design. The maximum array gain is the number of antennas in this settings. However, when the antenna spacing is made very small, the array gain of a compact array can be proportional to the square of the number of antennas - a value much larger than the traditional array. To achieve this so-called "superdirectivity" however, the calculation of the excitation coefficients (beamforming vector) is known to be a challenging problem. In this paper, we derive the beamforming vector of superdirective arrays based on a novel coupling matrix-enabled method. We also propose an approach to obtain the coupling matrix, which is derived by the spherical wave expansion method and active element pattern. The full-wave electromagnetic simulations are conducted to validate the effectiveness of our proposed method. Simulation results show that when the beamforming vector obtained by our method is applied, the directivity of the designed dipole antenna array has a good agreement with the theoretical values.