论文标题
从无标记到量子状态
From no-signalling to quantum states
论文作者
论文摘要
从物理原理表征量子相关性是量子信息理论领域的核心问题。纠缠在贝尔定理提出的相关性上打破了界限，从而挑战了当地因果关系作为物理原则的概念。自然的放松是研究无标记作为对关节概率分布的限制。已经表明，当考虑到所谓的局部量子可观察物时，双分部分的非信号相关性永远不会超过其量子对应物。尽管如此，这种相关性通常并不是量子状态的。这留下了搜索其他原理，这些原理在较大的（集合）非信号关节概率分布中识别量子状态，而不是本地量子可观察到的。在这里，我们建议以无扰动形式对扩张系统的形式进行自然概括。我们证明，满足此扩展的非信号关节概率分布与双分部分量子状态相对应，直到子系统中的时间取向选择。
Characterising quantum correlations from physical principles is a central problem in the field of quantum information theory. Entanglement breaks bounds on correlations put by Bell's theorem, thus challenging the notion of local causality as a physical principle. A natural relaxation is to study no-signalling as a constraint on joint probability distributions. It has been shown that when considered with respect to so-called locally quantum observables, bipartite non-signalling correlations never exceed their quantum counterparts; still, such correlations generally do not derive from quantum states. This leaves open the search for additional principles which identify quantum states within the larger set of (collections of) non-signalling joint probability distributions over locally quantum observables. Here, we suggest a natural generalisation of no-signalling in the form of no-disturbance to dilated systems. We prove that non-signalling joint probability distributions satisfying this extension correspond with bipartite quantum states up to a choice of time orientation in subsystems.
