论文标题
可以在宏观尺度上工作的麦克斯韦恶魔
A Maxwell demon that can work at macroscopic scales
论文作者
论文摘要
麦克斯韦的恶魔通过纠正热波动来起作用。他们不期望在波动变得可忽略的宏观尺度上发挥作用，并且动态变得确定性。我们提出了一个自主麦克斯韦的恶魔的电子实施，它确实停止在常规的宏观极限下工作，因为动态变得确定性。但是，我们发现，如果将提供给恶魔的功率适当地扩展，则可以避免确定性限制，并且恶魔继续起作用。支付的价格是降低的热力学效率。我们的工作表明，在非平衡环境中可以找到新的策略，以使迄今仅在微观尺度上观察到的宏观非平地效应。
Maxwell's demons work by rectifying thermal fluctuations. They are not expected to function at macroscopic scales where fluctuations become negligible and dynamics become deterministic. We propose an electronic implementation of an autonomous Maxwell's demon that indeed stops working in the regular macroscopic limit as the dynamics becomes deterministic. However, we find that if the power supplied to the demon is scaled up appropriately, the deterministic limit is avoided and the demon continues to work. The price to pay is a decreasing thermodynamic efficiency. Our work suggests that novel strategies may be found in nonequilibrium settings to bring to the macroscale non-trivial effects so far only observed at microscopic scales.
