论文标题
基于智能手机的雪的光学特性的测量
Smartphone-based measurements of the optical properties of snow
论文作者
论文摘要
雪是由各种形状和尺寸的冰晶组成的高度复杂的培养基。了解其内在的光学特性（例如散射和吸收系数）与气候研究中的辐射转移模型有关。特别是吸收系数，使我们能够访问有关雪中包含的光吸收颗粒的信息。与雪的明显特性（如反照率）相反，测量内在特性是具有挑战性的。在这里，我们提出了一个简单的设备，可以使用随时可用的组件和智能手机相机来测量积雪的批量光学特性，以及一个可用于数据分析的稳定的漫射光框架。我们在具有已知散射和吸收系数以及田间的散射幻象上演示了仪器。它的低成本，简单性和可移植性独特地有资格进行大规模的实地考察，本科教育和公民科学。
Snow is a highly complex medium composed of ice crystals of various shapes and sizes. Knowledge of its intrinsic optical properties such as the scattering and absorption coefficient is tantamount to radiative transfer models in climate research. The absorption coefficient, in particular, allows us to access information about light-absorbing particles contained in the snow. In contrast to snow's apparent properties like the albedo, measuring the intrinsic properties is challenging. Here, we present a simple apparatus that can measure bulk optical properties of snow using readily available components and a smartphone camera, and a robust diffuse-optical framework for data analysis. We demonstrate the instrument both on scattering phantoms with known scattering and absorption coefficient as well as in the field. Its low cost, simplicity and portability uniquely qualify this setup for large-scale field work, undergraduate education and citizen science.
