论文标题
动态量子柴郡猫是否可以检测到？
Is the dynamical quantum Cheshire cat detectable?
论文作者
论文摘要
我们探讨了如何检测Aharonov等人提出的动态量子cheshire猫。我们表明，在实践中，我们需要通过添加/减去正交状态的较小概率幅度（field'）来偏向初始状态，该状态会以固定的特性传播，以使效果可检测到（即，如果我们的初始状态是$ | \ uparrow_z \ rangle $，我们需要偏见一些$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ | \ downarrow_z \ rangle $）。这种偏见可以直接或通过指针薄弱地纠缠状态，从而有效地提供了一个阶段参考，我们可以通过该参考来衡量状态的演变。然后，可以将结果衡量为在互公正的基础上检测到的概率差异很小，与此偏见的$δ$成正比。我们显示这与反事实通信不同，事实证明，这不需要任何探针字段才能在发件人鲍勃和接收者爱丽丝之间进行交流。我们进一步提出了一个光学极化实验，其中可能在实验室中证明这些现象。
We explore how one might detect the dynamical quantum Cheshire cat proposed by Aharonov et al. We show that, in practice, we need to bias the initial state by adding/subtracting a small probability amplitude (`field') of the orthogonal state, which travels with the disembodied property, to make the effect detectable (i.e. if our initial state is $|\uparrow_z\rangle$, we need to bias this with some small amount $δ$ of state $|\downarrow_z\rangle$). This biasing, which can be done either directly or via weakly entangling the state with a pointer, effectively provides a phase reference with which we can measure the evolution of the state. The outcome can then be measured as a small probability difference in detections in a mutually unbiased basis, proportional to this biasing $δ$. We show this is different from counterfactual communication, which provably does not require any probe field to travel between sender Bob and receiver Alice for communication. We further suggest an optical polarisation experiment where these phenomena might be demonstrated in a laboratory.
