论文标题
稳态和自适应能量学：电压门控离子通道的详细平衡的非平衡波动
Homeostatic and Adaptive Energetics: Nonequilibrium Fluctuations Beyond Detailed Balance in Voltage-Gated Ion Channels
论文作者
论文摘要
储层计算是预测湍流的有力工具，其简单的架构具有处理大型系统的计算效率。然而，其实现通常需要完整的状态向量测量和系统非线性知识。我们使用非线性投影函数将系统测量扩展到高维空间，然后将其输入到储层中以获得预测。我们展示了这种储层计算网络在时空混沌系统上的应用，该系统模拟了湍流的若干特征。我们表明，使用径向基函数作为非线性投影器，即使只有部分观测并且不知道控制方程，也能稳健地捕捉复杂的系统非线性。最后，我们表明，当测量稀疏、不完整且带有噪声，甚至控制方程变得不准确时，我们的网络仍然可以产生相当准确的预测，从而为实际湍流系统的无模型预测铺平了道路。
Stochastic thermodynamics has largely succeeded in characterizing both equilibrium and far-from-equilibrium phenomena. Yet many opportunities remain for application to mesoscopic complex systems -- especially biological ones -- whose effective dynamics often violate detailed balance and whose microscopic degrees of freedom are often unknown or intractable. After reviewing excess and housekeeping energetics -- the adaptive and homeostatic components of a system's dissipation -- we extend stochastic thermodynamics with a trajectory class fluctuation theorem for nonequilibrium steady-state, nondetailed-balanced complex systems. We then take up the neurobiological examples of voltage-gated sodium and potassium ion channels to apply and illustrate the theory, elucidating their nonequilibrium behavior under a biophysically plausible action potential drive. These results uncover challenges for future experiments and highlight the progress possible understanding the thermodynamics of complex systems -- without exhaustive knowledge of every underlying degree of freedom.
