论文标题
虚拟国家人口的非常规机制通过耗散
Unconventional mechanism of virtual-state population through dissipation
论文作者
论文摘要
虚拟状态是量子力学中的核心概念。根据定义，在虚拟状态下找到量子系统的概率应始终消失。与这个概念相反，我们报告了在开放量子系统中发生的一种现象，即即使它们不直接与任何耗散通道耦合，虚拟状态可以长期以来获得相当大的人群。这意味着虚拟状态保持不足的情况可能是可转移的。我们通过引入两步的绝热消除方法来描述这种效果，该方法称为层次绝热消除，该方法使人们可以在一般开放量子系统中获得亚算稳定性的分析表达式。我们展示了这些结果如何与实用问题相关，例如在相互作用的量子位耗散系统中产生稳定和亚稳态的状态。
Virtual states are a central concept in quantum mechanics. By definition, the probability of finding a quantum system in a virtual state should be vanishingly small at all times. In contrast to this notion, we report a phenomenon occurring in open quantum systems by which virtual states can acquire a sizable population in the long time limit, even if they are not directly coupled to any dissipative channel. This means that the situation where the virtual state remains unpopulated can be metastable. We describe this effect by introducing a two-step adiabiatic elimination method, that we termed hierarchical adiabatic elimination, which allows one to obtain analytical expressions of the timescale of metastability in general open quantum systems. We show how these results can be relevant for practical questions such as the generation of stable and metastable entangled states in dissipative systems of interacting qubits.
