论文标题
结构感知组合组测试:一种大流行筛查的新方法
Structure-aware combinatorial group testing: a new method for pandemic screening
论文作者
论文摘要
组合组测试(CGT)用于通过将它们分组在一起并在组上进行少量测试来识别一组项目中的有缺陷的项目。最近,小组测试已用于设计有效的COVID-19测试,以节省资源,同时仍然识别所有受感染的人。由于测试等待时间,将重点放在非自适应CGT上,在此设计组,然后可以并行进行所有测试。可以使用无盖系(CFF)进行组的设计。 CFF背后的主要假设是,少数$ d $的积极因素是随机分布在$ n $个人的人群中。但是,对于感染性疾病,可以合理地假设感染出现在较高接触的人群中(在学校内的同一个教室中的儿童,社区中的家庭,学生在大学内接受相同课程的学生,在体育场彼此靠近的人)。这些社区的一般结构可以使用HyperGraphs建模,其中顶点是要测试的项目,并且边缘代表包含高接触的群集。我们考虑具有非重叠边缘和重叠边缘的超图(分别为前两个示例和最后两个示例)。我们给出了所谓的结构感知CFF的结构,该结构使用了基础超图的结构。我们重新审视旧的CFF构造,通过考虑超图结构来增加他们可以识别的叛逃数量的数量。我们还基于HyperGraph参数提供了新的结构。
Combinatorial group testing (CGT) is used to identify defective items from a set of items by grouping them together and performing a small number of tests on the groups. Recently, group testing has been used to design efficient COVID-19 testing, so that resources are saved while still identifying all infected individuals. Due to test waiting times, a focus is given to non-adaptive CGT, where groups are designed a priori and all tests can be done in parallel. The design of the groups can be done using Cover-Free Families (CFFs). The main assumption behind CFFs is that a small number $d$ of positives are randomly spread across a population of $n$ individuals. However, for infectious diseases, it is reasonable to assume that infections show up in clusters of individuals with high contact (children in the same classroom within a school, households within a neighbourhood, students taking the same courses within a university, people seating close to each other in a stadium). The general structure of these communities can be modeled using hypergraphs, where vertices are items to be tested and edges represent clusters containing high contacts. We consider hypergraphs with non-overlapping edges and overlapping edges (first two examples and last two examples, respectively). We give constructions of what we call structure-aware CFF, which uses the structure of the underlying hypergraph. We revisit old CFF constructions, boosting the number of defectives they can identify by taking the hypergraph structure into account. We also provide new constructions based on hypergraph parameters.