论文标题

网络控制系统面向任务的调度:在软件定义的无线电上实现的信息时代

Task-oriented Scheduling for Networked Control Systems: An Age of Information-Aware Implementation on Software-defined Radios

论文作者

Ayan, Onur, Kutsevol, Polina, Özkan, Hasan Yağız, Kellerer, Wolfgang

论文摘要

网络控制系统(NCSS)是通过通信网络关闭的反馈控制循环。新兴应用程序,例如远程机构,无人机和自动驾驶是此类系统的最突出的例子。 NCSS组件之间的常规和及时信息共享对于完成所需的控制任务至关重要,因为陈旧的信息可能导致性能降解甚至物理损害。在这项工作中,我们考虑了多个异质NCSS,它们通过共享的物理无线通道将其系统状态传输到网关节点。我们使用软件定义的无线电(SOTA)解决方案对所选MAC协议进行了全面的实验研究,这些无线电旨在提高信息的新鲜度和控制性能。作为对SOTA的重大改进,我们提出了一种新颖的无争议算法,能够通过将其优势结合到一个协议中来超越现有解决方案。此外,我们提出了一个新的指标,称为归一化平方误差,将信息时代映射到无量纲数量,以捕获控制系统的下一个传输的期望值。我们在涉及多个倒置摆的案例研究中证明了它对无线资源调度的采用和有效性。从我们的实验研究和结果中,我们可以观察到,子系统的价值优先级有助于最大程度地减少信息陈旧性对控制性能的负面影响。特别是,随着设备数量的增加,与仅关注最大化信息新鲜度的协议相比,控制意识对控制质量的好处是脱颖而出的。

Networked control systems (NCSs) are feedback control loops that are closed over a communication network. Emerging applications, such as telerobotics, drones and autonomous driving are the most prominent examples of such systems. Regular and timely information sharing between the components of NCSs is essential to fulfill the desired control tasks, as stale information can lead to performance degradation or even physical damage. In this work, we consider multiple heterogeneous NCSs that transmit their system state over a shared physical wireless channel towards a gateway node. We conduct a comprehensive experimental study on selected MAC protocols using software-defined radios with state-of-the-art (SotA) solutions that have been designed to increase information freshness and control performance. As a significant improvement over the SotA, we propose a novel contention-free algorithm that is able to outperform the existing solutions by combining their strengths in one protocol. In addition, we propose a new metric called normalized mean squared error that maps the age of information to a dimensionless quantity that captures the expected value of a control system's next transmission. We demonstrate its adoption and effectiveness for wireless resource scheduling in a case study involving multiple inverted pendulums. From our experimental study and results, we observe that value-aware prioritization of the sub-systems contributes to minimizing the negative effects of information staleness on control performance. In particular, as the number of devices increases, the benefit of control-awareness to the quality of control stands out when compared to protocols that focus solely on maximizing information freshness.

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