论文标题
地理信息系统在世界各地学校的应用：回顾性分析
The application of geographic information systems in schools around the world: a retrospective analysis
论文作者
论文摘要
该文章致力于在世界学校实践中纳入地理信息系统（GIS）的问题。作者基于对科学文献的回顾性分析，将GIS应用程序的阶段置于学校地理教育中的阶段。第一阶段（70年代末 - 20世纪的90年代初）是学校和大学之间的第一个教育GIS计划和伙伴关系协议的开始。第二阶段（20世纪中期的90年代 - 21世纪初）包括GIS-教育计划在欧洲和澳大利亚学校的分布，并参与了GIS-Packages的领先开发商（ESRI，Intergraph，Mapinfo Corp.等）。第三阶段（2005-2012）标志着GIS学校教育在东欧，亚洲，非洲和拉丁美洲的传播；在大多数国家 /地区的学校课程中出现了第四阶段（从2012年到现在）地理信息系统。 GIS技术开发阶段的苛刻阶段是考虑到研究学校地理学的教义可能性的，并突出了它们的优势和缺点。
The article is devoted to the problem of incorporation geographic information systems (GIS) in world school practice. The authors single out the stages of GIS application in school geographical education based on the retrospective analysis of the scientific literature. The first stage (late 70s - early 90s of the 20th century) is the beginning of the first educational GIS programs and partnership agreements between schools and universities. The second stage (mid 90s of the 20th century - the beginning of the 21st century) comprises the distribution of GIS-educational programs in European and Australian schools with the involvement of leading developers of GIS-packages (ESRI, Intergraph, MapInfo Corp., etc.). The third stage (2005-2012) marks the spread of the GIS school education in Eastern Europe, Asia, Africa and Latin America; on the fourth stage (from 2012 to the present) geographic information systems emerge in school curricula in most countries. The haracteristics of the GIS-technologies development stages are given considering the GIS didactic possibilities for the study of school geography, as well as highlighting their advantages and disadvantages.
