论文标题
绝热热机功率的几何界限
Geometric Bounds on the Power of Adiabatic Thermal Machines
论文作者
论文摘要
我们分析了缓慢驱动的中间和微尺度冰箱的性能以及在两个温度差较小的热浴之间运行的热发动机。使用一般的缩放参数，我们表明，只有当浴缸之间的热裂面被完全抑制时，此类设备才能任意接近其Carnot限制。然后，它们的功率输出受到carnot极限时四衰减至零的通用几何结合。如果适当优化驾驶协议，并且浴缸之间的温度差异随驱动频率而变为零，则该结合可以在准静态限制中渐近饱和。对于任何热力学一致的动力学，这些结果在通用条件下持有，该动力学承认了明确的绝热反应状态和广义的Onsager对称性。为了进行说明，我们确定了Qubit-Ryfrigerator和连贯的电荷泵的模型，作为冷却设备运行。
We analyze the performance of slowly driven meso- and micro-scale refrigerators and heat engines that operate between two thermal baths with small temperature difference. Using a general scaling argument, we show that such devices can work arbitrarily close to their Carnot limit only if heat-leaks between the baths are fully suppressed. Their power output is then subject to a universal geometric bound that decays quadratically to zero at the Carnot limit. This bound can be asymptotically saturated in the quasi-static limit if the driving protocols are suitably optimized and the temperature difference between the baths goes to zero with the driving frequency. These results hold under generic conditions for any thermodynamically consistent dynamics admitting a well-defined adiabatic-response regime and a generalized Onsager symmetry. For illustration, we work out models of a qubit-refrigerator and a coherent charge pump operating as a cooling device.
