论文标题

单个量子系统的量子超密度编码和通信优势的经典类似物

Classical analogue of quantum superdense coding and communication advantage of a single quantum system

论文作者

Patra, Ram Krishna, Naik, Sahil Gopalkrishna, Lobo, Edwin Peter, Sen, Samrat, Guha, Tamal, Bhattacharya, Some Sankar, Alimuddin, Mir, Banik, Manik

论文摘要

我们在没有任何量子或接收器之间共享任何量子或经典相关性的情况下分析通信通道的效用。为此,我们提出了一系列两党的通信游戏,并表明这些游戏无法获胜,因为从发件人到接收者的噪音无噪声$ 1 $的经典渠道。有趣的是,如果频道得到经典的共享随机性,则可以完美地实现目标。这类似于类似于量子超密集编码现象的优势,在该现象中,预共享纠缠可以增强完美的量子通信线的通信效用。令人惊讶的是,我们表明,在没有经典共享随机性的任何帮助的情况下进行Qubit沟通可以实现目标,因此在最简单的沟通场景中建立了新颖的量子优势。为了追求这一优势的更深入的起源,我们表明,有利的量子策略必须在发件人的编码步骤和接收方的解码步骤中调用量子干扰。我们还研究了由对称多边形空间描述的一类非古典玩具系统的通信效用。我们提出的沟通任务既不能以$ 1 $的经典沟通来实现,也不能通过传达多边形系统来实现,而$ 1 $ qubit的通信产生了一个完美的策略,从而确立了对它们的量子优势。为此,我们表明,量子优势与不完善的编码编码具有鲁棒性,从而使协议可以通过目前可用的量子技术实现。

We analyze utility of communication channels in absence of any short of quantum or classical correlation shared between the sender and the receiver. To this aim, we propose a class of two-party communication games, and show that the games cannot be won given a noiseless $1$-bit classical channel from the sender to the receiver. Interestingly, the goal can be perfectly achieved if the channel is assisted with classical shared randomness. This resembles an advantage similar to the quantum superdense coding phenomenon where pre-shared entanglement can enhance the communication utility of a perfect quantum communication line. Quite surprisingly, we show that a qubit communication without any assistance of classical shared randomness can achieve the goal, and hence establishes a novel quantum advantage in the simplest communication scenario. In pursuit of a deeper origin of this advantage, we show that an advantageous quantum strategy must invoke quantum interference both at the encoding step by the sender and at the decoding step by the receiver. We also study communication utility of a class of non-classical toy systems described by symmetric polygonal state spaces. We come up with communication tasks that can be achieved neither with $1$-bit of classical communication nor by communicating a polygon system, whereas $1$-qubit communication yields a perfect strategy, establishing quantum advantage over them. To this end, we show that the quantum advantages are robust against imperfect encodings-decodings, making the protocols implementable with presently available quantum technologies.

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