论文标题

模块化车辆技术的应用来减轻公交车束

Application of Modular Vehicle Technology to Mitigate Bus Bunching

论文作者

Khan, Zaid Saeed, He, Weili, Menendez, Monica

论文摘要

公共交通系统的随机性质导致了前进的变化和公共汽车束,导致运营商和乘客成本都大大增加。与公交车束缚的传统策略,包括持有公交车,滑水和替代/插入,遭受了权衡和缺点的困扰。自主模块化车辆(AMV)技术在交付和运营方面提供了额外的灵活性,与传统的公共汽车可用的策略相比,这可以在减轻公交车束方面提供重大好处。本文通过利用AMV提供的新功能(尤其是模块化单元的路线耦合和解耦),引入了一种新颖的替代方法。我们制定了一种简单的拆分策略,该策略将指导模块化的总线在步入率的时间长于给定阈值时将其切换为单个单元。然后,与基准传统的停止策略和基础(无控制)情况相比,我们使用宏观模拟对所提出的模块化策略进行概念验证评估。我们发现,所提出的策略在减少三个旅行时间组件中的每一个方面都优于基准:等待时间,车内时间和步行时间(这完全消除了)。因此,它减少了公交车的开销,因此旅行的成本是繁忙的公交线路的两倍以上。同时,它还将进展变异性降低到可比的程度。此外,我们分析了用于应用所提出策略的不同控制阈值,并表明当主动应用时,即使控制动作也被小型偏差触发,它是最有效的。

The stochastic nature of public transport systems leads to headway variability and bus bunching, causing both operator and passenger cost to increase significantly. Traditional strategies to counter bus bunching, including bus-holding, stop-skipping, and bus substitution/insertion, suffer from trade-offs and shortcomings. Autonomous modular vehicle (AMV) technology provides an additional level of flexibility in bus dispatching and operations, which can offer significant benefits in mitigating bus bunching compared to strategies available with conventional buses. This paper introduces a novel alternative to stop-skipping by leveraging the new capabilities offered by AMVs (in particular, en-route coupling and decoupling of modular units). We develop a simple bus-splitting strategy that directs a modular bus to decouple into individual units when it experiences a headway longer than a given threshold. We then use a macroscopic simulation to present a proof-of-concept evaluation of the proposed modular strategy compared to a benchmark traditional stop-skipping strategy and the base (no control) case. We find that the proposed strategy outperforms the benchmark in decreasing each of the three travel time components: waiting time, in-vehicle time, and walking time (which it eliminates completely). It therefore reduces the overhead of bus bunching and thus the travel cost by more than twice as much as the benchmark for busy bus lines. Simultaneously, it also reduces headway variability to a comparable degree. Furthermore, we analyze different control thresholds for applying the proposed strategy, and show that it is most effective when applied proactively, i.e. with the control action being triggered even by small headway deviations.

扫码加入交流群

加入微信交流群

微信交流群二维码

扫码加入学术交流群,获取更多资源