论文标题
在同一喷气+水电进化和非平衡Quark-gluon等离子体中进行迷你喷射淬火
Mini-jet quenching in a concurrent jet+hydro evolution and the non-equilibrium quark-gluon plasma
论文作者
论文摘要
通过中等能量的扰动硬驱动QCD碰撞创建的迷你射流可以代表重离子碰撞事件的总多样性的很大一部分。由于它们的横向动量最初大于描述大部分平衡QGP的典型饱和度量表,因此它们的典型停止距离大于通常的流体动物化时间,因此它们在相同的速度中不超过相同的碰撞。因此,通常不能仅仅通过独特的预平衡阶段来描述,该平衡阶段与水动力学进化架起了初始的,过度占用的glasma状态。在这项工作中,我们利用了新的并发迷你射流+流体动力框架,其中由于从迷你射流中注入能量和动量,流体动力学演变的QGP的性质被修改。我们研究系统,以不同的选择与微型射流产生相关的最小横向动量。为了实现对带电粒子多重性的现实描述,需要减少与低$ x $初始状态相关的熵量。此外,从随机定向的迷你射流中注入的动量与系统的空间梯度无关,降低了总体流动,并且需要相应地降低QGP传输系数的值。它们是波动的重要新来源,导致了尖刺,尤其是修饰的流体动力学进化。我们讨论了迷你射线对许多可观察到的影响,例如$ p_t $ spectra和$ p_t $ -diverential flow $ v_n $对于广泛的中心类别。与椭圆形,三角形或四角流相比,我们发现$ v_1 $的定向流量具有区分不同微型射流生产率的最强潜力。
Mini-jets, created by perturbative hard QCD collisions at moderate energies, can represent a significant portion of the total multiplicity of a heavy-ion collision event. Since their transverse momenta are initially larger than the typical saturation scale describing the bulk of the equilibrating QGP, their typical stopping distances are larger than the usual hydrodynamization time, so they do not in general hydrodynamize at the same pace than the bulk of the collision. Therefore, in general mini-jets cannot be described solely by a unique pre-equilibrium stage that bridges the initial, over-occupied glasma state, with the hydrodynamical evolution. In this work we make use of a new concurrent mini-jet+hydrodynamic framework in which the properties of the hydrodynamically evolving QGP are modified due to the injection of energy and momentum from the mini-jets. We study the system for different choices of the minimum transverse momentum associated to mini-jet production. In order to achieve a realistic description of charged particle multiplicity, the amount of entropy associated to the low-$x$ initial state needs to be reduced. Moreover, the fact that the injected momentum from the randomly oriented mini-jets is not correlated with the spatial gradients of the system reduces overall flow, and the value of the QGP transport coefficients needs to be reduced accordingly. They are an important new source of fluctuations, resulting in a spikier, notably modified hydrodynamical evolution. We discuss the impact of the mini-jets on a number of observables, such as $p_T$ spectra and $p_T$-differential flow $v_n$ for a wide range of centrality classes. In contrast to elliptic, triangular or quadrangular flow, we find that directed flow, $v_1$, has the strongest potential to discriminate between different mini-jet production rates.