论文标题

$ \ ell $ -boson星星的正面碰撞

Head-on collisions of $\ell$-boson stars

论文作者

Jaramillo, Víctor, Sanchis-Gual, Nicolas, Barranco, Juan, Bernal, Argelia, Degollado, Juan Carlos, Herdeiro, Carlos, Megevand, Miguel, Núñez, Darío

论文摘要

爱因斯坦(多) - klein-gordon方程的完全非线性数值发展,以研究$ \ ell $ -Boson星的正面碰撞。尽管球形对称性为对称性,但$ \ ell $ -Boson星星具有(隐藏的)参考框架,用于定义其单个多极性字段。为了评估其相对取向的影响,我们在两个碰撞恒星的轴之间执行不同角度的模拟。此外,考虑到碰撞的恒星的两种情况:它们是相同或不同标量场的复合材料。尽管有一些模型特异性的行为,但模拟通常表明:1)两个充分(和同样)的巨大恒星的碰撞会导致黑洞的形成; 2)在一定的质量阈值以下,进化的最终结果是复合标量场的结合状态,在模拟时间内既不会分散也不会崩溃成黑洞。 3)该最终产物(通常)(通常)偏离球形对称性和组成初始玻色子恒星的不同标量场之间的骨气颗粒数量,尽管并非显着。最后的观察表明,尽管没有结论,但这些碰撞的最终结果属于先前报道的较大的平衡多场玻色子恒星,通常是非球形的,其中$ \ ell $ boson恒星是对称性增强的点。我们还从研究的碰撞中提取和讨论波形。

Fully non-linear numerical evolutions of the Einstein-(multi)--Klein-Gordon equations are performed to study head-on collisions of $\ell$-boson stars. Despite being spherically symmetric, $\ell$-boson stars have a (hidden) frame of reference, used in defining their individual multipolar fields. To assess the impact of their relative orientation, we perform simulations with different angles between the axes of the two colliding stars. Additionally, two scenarios are considered for the colliding stars: that they are composites of either the same or different scalar fields. Despite some model-specific behaviours, the simulations generically indicate that: 1) the collision of two sufficiently (and equally) massive stars leads to black hole formation; 2) below a certain mass threshold the end result of the evolution is a bound state of the composite scalar fields, that neither disperses nor collapses into a black hole within the simulation time; 3) this end product (generically) deviates from spherical symmetry and the equipartition of the number of bosonic particles between the different scalar fields composing the initial boson stars is lost, albeit not dramatically. This last observation indicates, albeit without being conclusive, that the end result of these collisions belongs to the previously reported larger family of equilibrium multi-field boson stars, generically non-spherical, and of which $\ell$-boson stars are a symmetry enhanced point. We also extract and discuss the waveforms from the collisions studied.

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