论文标题
delta- $ t $噪声探针量子统计吗？
Does delta-$T$ noise probe quantum statistics?
论文作者
论文摘要
我们研究Delta-t噪声 - 零电压的过量电荷噪声，但温度偏差有限 - 对于一维相互作用系统中的弱隧穿。我们表明，Delta-T噪声的符号通常取决于主导隧穿过程的性质（更具体地说，是其缩放维度）。我们阐明了Delta-T噪声的符号与隧道清单的量子交换统计之间的关系。我们发现，对于托管具有局部相互作用（例如量子厅或量子旋转大厅边缘）的无限系统，当delta-t噪声为负时，隧道颗粒类似于玻色子，揭示了它们易于束缚。但是，情况并非如此：玻色子样颗粒不一定会产生负delta-t噪声。重要的是，产生阴性delta-T的颗粒的骨质性质不一定是固有的，而是可以通过相互作用引起的。这特别意味着用于在边缘状态之间进行隧穿的负三角噪声不能用作检测“内在的人”的吸烟枪。我们还建立了在相互作用系统中的热噪声的增量噪声与热噪声的温度导数之间的联系，均由相同的缩放维度支配。作为上述陈述的演示，我们研究了两个相互作用的量子旋转大厅边缘之间的隧道。借助实量和重新归一化的组技术，我们发现多体相互作用可以通过点接触以及通过局部自旋在近距交换隧道中直接隧穿产生负delta-t噪声。在这两个设置中，我们都表明，当相互作用使隧道重新归一致以有利于电子的类似玻色子样对隧道时，噪声可能会在足够低的温度下变为负。我们的发现表明，Delta-T噪声可以探测相互作用的1D系统中集体激发的性质。
We study delta-T noise -- excess charge noise at zero voltage but finite temperature bias -- for weak tunneling in 1D interacting systems. We show that the sign of the delta-T noise is generically determined by the nature of the dominating tunneling process (more specifically, its scaling dimension). We clarify the relation between the sign of delta-T noise and the quantum exchange statistics of tunneling quasiparticles. We find that, for infinite systems hosting chiral channels with local interactions (e.g., quantum Hall or quantum spin Hall edges), when the delta-T noise is negative, the tunneling particles are boson-like, revealing their tendency towards bunching. However, the opposite is not true: Boson-like particles do not necessarily produce negative delta-T noise. Importantly, the bosonic nature of particles generating the negative delta-T is not necessarily intrinsic, but can be induced by the interactions. This particularly implies that negative delta-T noise for tunneling between the edge states cannot serve as a smoking gun for detecting "intrinsic anyons". We also establish a connection between the delta-T noise and the temperature derivative of the thermal noise in interacting systems, both governed by the same scaling dimensions. As a demonstration of the above statements, we study tunneling between two interacting quantum spin Hall edges. With bosonization and renormalization-group techniques, we find that many-body interactions can generate negative delta-T noise for both direct tunneling through a point contact and in Kondo exchange tunneling via a localized spin. In both setups, we show that the noise can become negative at sufficiently low temperatures, when interactions renormalize the tunneling to favor boson-like pair-tunneling of electrons. Our findings show that delta-T noise can probe the nature of collective excitations in interacting 1D systems.
