论文标题
快速瞬时源的轻度相对论流出中的粒子加速度
Particle Acceleration in Mildly Relativistic Outflows of Fast Energetic Transient Sources
论文作者
论文摘要
最近发现快速蓝色光学瞬变（FBOT）是一类新的充满活力的瞬态来源，可以阐明超新星长伽马射线爆发连接的长期问题。这种对象的一个独特特征是存在适度的相对论流出，它们将它们置于非偏见和相对论超新星相关的事件之间。在这里，我们介绍了粒子加速度和磁场放大的动力学粒子模拟的结果，其速度在0.1至0.7 c之间的速度。需要这些模拟来解释观察到的FBOT的宽带辐射。它们的快速，温和至中等相对论的流出可能有效地加速相对论颗粒。通过粒子中的模拟，我们证明了在下游冲击的相对论电子的同步辐射可能符合观察到的无线电通量。在较长的时间尺度上，远远超出了粒子中的粒子方法中，我们的非线性蒙特卡洛模型预测质子和核可以加速到PetaelectRonvolt（PEV）能量。因此，如此快速，能量的瞬态来源可以促进高能宇宙射线的银河系种群。
Recent discovery of fast blue optical transients (FBOTs) as a new class of energetic transient sources can shed light on the long-standing problem of supernova-long gamma-ray burst connections. A distinctive feature of such objects is the presence of modestly relativistic outflows which place them in between the non-relativistic and relativistic supernovae-related events. Here we present the results of kinetic particle-in-cell and Monte Carlo simulations of particle acceleration and magnetic field amplification by shocks with the velocities in the interval between 0.1 and 0.7 c. These simulations are needed for the interpretation of the observed broad band radiation of FBOTs. Their fast, mildly to moderately relativistic outflows may efficiently accelerate relativistic particles. With particle-in-cell simulations we demonstrate that synchrotron radiation of accelerated relativistic electrons in the shock downstream may fit the observed radio fluxes. At longer timescales, well beyond those reachable within a particle-in-cell approach, our nonlinear Monte Carlo model predicts that protons and nuclei can be accelerated to petaelectronvolt (PeV) energies. Therefore, such fast and energetic transient sources can contribute to galactic populations of high energy cosmic rays.
