论文标题
关于公正和公正分配的新观点
A New Perspective on Impartial and Unbiased Apportionment
论文作者
论文摘要
几个世纪以来，如何将相当分配给各州的国会席位进行了辩论。我们提出了关于分配的另一种观点，不是以国家的“家庭”为中心，而是以同一整数部分具有“ Divisor-Method”配额的国家。我们开发``公正''和``公正的''分配方法。公正的方法将相同数量的席位分配给包含相同总人口的国家家庭，无论一个家庭由许多人群国家组成还是一些大人种的国家。公正的方法比例分配了座位，因此，如果从相同的分布中反复绘制各州，则比例分配给每个家庭的席位数量等于该家庭的预期除数分数配额。
How to fairly apportion congressional seats to states has been debated for centuries. We present an alternative perspective on apportionment, centered not on states but "families" of state, sets of states with "divisor-method" quotas with the same integer part. We develop ``impartial" and ``unbiased" apportionment methods. Impartial methods apportion the same number of seats to families of states containing the same total population, whether a family consists of many small-population states or a few large-population states. Unbiased methods apportion seats so that if states are drawn repeatedly from the same distribution, the expected number of seats apportioned to each family equals the expected divisor-method quota for that family.
