论文标题
风乐器的流量和气溶胶散布
Flow and aerosol dispersion from wind musical instruments
论文作者
论文摘要
在Covid-19的大流行中，必须推迟许多现场音乐活动，甚至取消以保护音乐家和观众。管弦乐队面临着污染的特殊挑战，因为它们是人员沉重且乐器多样的挑战。主要问题是风仪是否是通过气溶胶分散剂的污染媒介。这项研究是由于费城乐团成员参与而使这项研究成为可能的，从而深入了解了风乐器发出的人类起源气溶胶的生产方式和早期生活。我们发现这些仪器产生的气溶胶水平与数量和尺寸分布的正常语音相当。但是，出口喷气流速远低于暴力呼气事件（咳嗽，打喷嚏）。对于大多数风仪，流动到背景室内空气水平距离仪器的开口约2米。因此，远距离气溶胶分散剂是通过环境气流。
In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, many live musical activities had to be postponed and even canceled to protect musicians and audience. Orchestral ensembles face a particular challenge of contamination because they are personnel heavy and instrumentally diverse. A chief concern is whether wind instruments are vectors of contamination through aerosol dispersion. This study, made possible by the participation of members of the Philadelphia Orchestra, brings insight on the modes of production and early life of aerosols of human origin emitted by wind instruments. We find that these instruments produce aerosol levels that are comparable to normal speech in quantity and size distribution. However, the exit jet flow speeds are much lower than violent expiratory events (coughing, sneezing). For most wind instruments, the flow decays to background indoor-air levels at approximately 2 meters away from the instrument's opening. Long range aerosol dispersion is thus via ambient air currents.
