论文标题
共形元面:一种新的车辆通信解决方案
Conformal Metasurfaces: a Novel Solution for Vehicular Communications
论文作者
论文摘要
在未来的6G毫米波(MMWave)/sub-THZ车辆到全部(V2X)通信系统中,预计车辆将配备大量的天线阵列,以实现能够补偿严重路径损失的基于光束的链接。但是,车辆到车辆(V2V)直接连接易于被周围的车辆阻塞。新兴的跨表面技术可以控制电磁波反射向所需方向,从而丰富了通道散射以提高通信性能。可重新配置的智能表面(RIS),主要是预先配置的智能反射表面(IRS),是6G的有希望的低成本继电器系统。本文建议使用部署在车辆机身上的共形元面(C-RIS或C-IRS)来减轻高速公路多车道场景中的阻塞撞击。特别是,通过补偿车辆身体的非平板形状,例如侧门,具有适当的相模式,形成人工反射以减轻阻塞。我们通过分析得出相位模式,以应用于近似于汽车体形状的圆柱形C-RIS/C-IR,这是入射率和反射角的函数,考虑到圆柱形RIS/IRS作为常规平面的概括。我们提出了一种新颖的设计,用于最佳预配置的C-IR,以模仿汽车门上EM平面表面的行为,证明了在多车道V2V高速公路方案中C-RIS和C-IR的好处。结果表明,当利用C-RIS/C-IRS时,阻塞概率持续降低,预先配置的C-IR为20%,C-RIS的限制率持续降低,以及C-RIS的70%,以及C-RIS的平均信号比率分别有显着提高,C-AR的平均信号比率分别为10-20 db。
In future 6G millimeter wave (mmWave)/sub-THz vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication systems, vehicles are expected to be equipped with massive antenna arrays to realize beam-based links capable of compensating for the severe path loss. However, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) direct links are prone to be blocked by surrounding vehicles. Emerging metasurface technologies enable the control of the electromagnetic wave reflection towards the desired direction, enriching the channel scattering to boost communication performance. Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS), and mostly the pre-configured counterpart intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS), are a promising low-cost relaying system for 6G. This paper proposes using conformal metasurfaces (either C-RIS or C-IRS) deployed on vehicles' body to mitigate the blockage impact in a highway multi-lane scenario. In particular, conformal metasurfaces create artificial reflections to mitigate blockage by compensating for the non-flat shape of the vehicle's body, such as the lateral doors, with proper phase patterns. We analytically derive the phase pattern to apply to a cylindrical C-RIS/C-IRS approximating the shape of the car body, as a function of both incidence and reflection angles, considering cylindrical RIS/IRS as a generalization of conventional planar ones. We propose a novel design for optimally pre-configured C-IRS to mimic the behavior of an EM flat surface on car doors, proving the benefits of C-RIS and C-IRS in a multi-lane V2V highway scenario. The results show a consistent reduction of blockage probability when exploiting C-RIS/C-IRS, 20% for pre-configured C-IRS, and 70% for C-RIS, as well as a remarkable improvement in terms of average signal-to-noise ratio, respectively 10-20 dB for C-IRS and 30-40 dB for C-RIS.