论文标题
访问熵生产的替代实验方法
Alternative experimental ways to access entropy production
论文作者
论文摘要
我们从理论上得出并在实验上比较了在反馈控制下以量子过程访问熵产生的几种不同方法。我们专注于一个双方量子系统，该系统实现了Najera-Santos等人报道的自主麦克斯韦的恶魔计划。 [Phys。〜Rev。〜研究2，032025（r）（2020）]，其中消耗了在恶魔中编码的信息将热量从冷值转移到热腔。通过测量关节恶魔 - 腔量系统的单个量子轨迹，我们用六种不同表达式来计算熵产生，这些表达式来自系统描述的不同方法及其演变。每种方法都使用一组特定的轨迹和数据处理。我们的结果为量子系统中不可逆性的各种含义提供了统一的看法，并为测量热框架以外的熵生产铺平了道路。
We theoretically derive and experimentally compare several different ways to access entropy production in a quantum process under feedback control. We focus on a bipartite quantum system realizing an autonomous Maxwell's demon scheme reported by Najera-Santos et al. [Phys.~Rev.~Research 2, 032025(R) (2020)], where information encoded in a demon is consumed to transfer heat from a cold qubit to a hot cavity. By measuring individual quantum trajectories of the joint demon-cavity-qubit system, we compute the entropy production with six distinct expressions derived from different approaches to the system description and its evolution. Each method uses a specific set of trajectories and data processing. Our results provide a unified view on the various meanings of irreversibility in quantum systems and pave the way to the measurement of entropy production beyond thermal frameworks.
