论文标题

两部分纠缠的高斯州中的一粒子和两粒子可见性

One-particle and two-particle visibilities in bipartite entangled Gaussian states

论文作者

Georgiev, Danko, Bello, Leon, Carmi, Avishy, Cohen, Eliahu

论文摘要

离散系统中的单粒子可见性之间的互补性可以扩展到两分量子键入的高斯州。 Jaeger,Horne,Shimony和Vaidman定义的两粒子可见性的含义,使用间接方法,首先通过添加和减去其他分布,并以不同程度的纠缠来纠正两粒子概率分布,但是,值得进一步分析。此外,单粒子可见性和两粒子可见性之间互补的起源是难以捉摸的,尚不完全清楚什么是将特定的两粒子量子观察物与两粒子可见性联系起来的最佳方法。在这里,我们开发了一种直接的方法,用于基于与测得的一对单粒子可观测值兼容的一对两粒子观测值的测量来量化两粒子的可见性。对于两粒子可观察的每一个,计算了相应的可见性,之后,后者对可见性的绝对差异被认为是两粒子可见性的重新定义。我们的方法揭示了数学对称性,因为它通过正式识别所有四个可观察到的分布作为原始两粒子概率分布的旋转边缘分布,将两对单粒子或两粒子观察到的对称性对称。通过直接方法获得的一颗粒子可见性与两粒子可见性之间的互补关系在无限高斯精度的极限中精确,纠缠的高斯状态接近理想的EPR状态。提出的结果表明,旋转边缘分布的理论上有用,以阐明两粒子可见性的性质,并为使用连续变量的量子应用提供了工具。

Complementarity between one- and two-particle visibility in discrete systems can be extended to bipartite quantum-entangled Gaussian states. The meaning of the two-particle visibility originally defined by Jaeger, Horne, Shimony, and Vaidman with the use of an indirect method that first corrects the two-particle probability distribution by adding and subtracting other distributions with varying degree of entanglement, however, deserves further analysis. Furthermore, the origin of complementarity between one-particle visibility and two-particle visibility is somewhat elusive and it is not entirely clear what is the best way to associate particular two-particle quantum observables with the two-particle visibility. Here, we develop a direct method for quantifying the two-particle visibility based on measurement of a pair of two-particle observables that are compatible with the measured pair of single-particle observables. For each of the two-particle observables the corresponding visibility is computed, after which the absolute difference of the latter pair of visibilities is considered as a redefinition of the two-particle visibility. Our approach reveals a mathematical symmetry as it treats the two pairs of one-particle or two-particle observables on equal footing by formally identifying all four observable distributions as rotated marginal distributions of the original two-particle probability distribution. The complementarity relation between one-particle visibility and two-particle visibility obtained with the direct method is exact in the limit of infinite Gaussian precision where the entangled Gaussian state approaches an ideal EPR state. The presented results demonstrate the theoretical utility of rotated marginal distributions for elucidating the nature of two-particle visibility and provide tools for the development of quantum applications employing continuous variables.

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