论文标题

红移21厘米双光谱II:自旋温度波动和红移空间扭曲的影响对宇宙黎明的信号

Redshifted 21-cm bispectrum II: Impact of the spin temperature fluctuations and redshift space distortions on the signal from the Cosmic Dawn

论文作者

Kamran, Mohd, Ghara, Raghunath, Majumdar, Suman, Mondal, Rajesh, Mellema, Garrelt, Bharadwaj, Somnath, Pritchard, Jonathan R., Iliev, Ilian T.

论文摘要

我们提出了一项对宇宙黎明(CD)的21 cm信号双光谱(量化信号中的非高斯性)的研究。为了进行分析,我们已经使用辐射传输代码灰色模拟了21 cm信号,同时考虑了两种类型的源(Mini-QSOS和HMXBS),用于ly $α$耦合以及IGM的X射线加热。使用此模拟信号,我们首次估计了所有独特的$ k $ -triangles和$ k $模式的CD 21厘米Bispectra。我们观察到,双光幅度的红移演变和符号遵循两个源模型的通用趋势。然而,双光幅度达到其最大值和最小值并显示其符号逆转的红移取决于源模型。当同时出现IgM的Ly $α$耦合和IgM的X射线加热时,我们会观察到Bispectra中的两次连续符号逆转,用于小$ K $ -Triangles(无论源模型如何)。一个是在IgM加热开始时出现的,另一个是在Ly $α$耦合饱和饱和的结尾处。可以原理使用此功能来限制CD历史记录和/或识别特定的CD方案。我们还量化了旋转温度($ t _ {\ rm s} $)对Bispectra的影响。我们发现,$ t _ {\ rm s} $波动对小$ k $ -triangles的Bispectra幅度产生最大影响,并且在LY $α$耦合达到饱和的阶段。此外,我们也是第一个量化红移空间变形(RSD)对CD Bispectra的影响的人。我们发现,RSD对CD 21厘米Bispectra的影响很大($> 20 \%$),水平取决于CD的阶段以及估计Bispectra的$ K $ -Triangles。

We present a study of the 21-cm signal bispectrum (which quantifies the non-Gaussianity in the signal) from the Cosmic Dawn (CD). For our analysis, we have simulated the 21-cm signal using radiative transfer code GRIZZLY, while considering two types of sources (mini-QSOs and HMXBs) for Ly$α$ coupling and the X-ray heating of the IGM. Using this simulated signal, we have, for the first time, estimated the CD 21-cm bispectra for all unique $k$-triangles and for a range of $k$ modes. We observe that the redshift evolution of the bispectra magnitude and sign follow a generic trend for both source models. However, the redshifts at which the bispectra magnitude reach their maximum and minimum values and show their sign reversal depends on the source model. When the Ly$α$ coupling and the X-ray heating of the IGM occur simultaneously, we observe two consecutive sign reversals in the bispectra for small $k$-triangles (irrespective of the source models). One arising at the beginning of the IGM heating and the other at the end of Ly$α$ coupling saturation. This feature can be used in principle to constrain the CD history and/or to identify the specific CD scenarios. We also quantify the impact of the spin temperature ($T_{\rm S}$) fluctuations on the bispectra. We find that $T_{\rm S}$ fluctuations have maximum impact on the bispectra magnitude for small $k$-triangles and at the stage when Ly$α$ coupling reaches saturation. Furthermore, we are also the first to quantify the impact of redshift space distortions (RSD), on the CD bispectra. We find that the impact of RSD on the CD 21-cm bispectra is significant ($> 20\%$) and the level depends on the stages of the CD and the $k$-triangles for which the bispectra are being estimated.

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