论文标题
标量场的黑洞S-Matrix
Black Hole S-matrix for a scalar field
论文作者
论文摘要
我们描述了从空间无穷大，在渐近平坦的Schwarzschild黑洞背景上观察到的一个单一散射过程。为了做到这一点，我们将问题分为两个不同的制度，以控制散射过程的动态。第一个描述了该区域中远离地平线的模式的演变，可以根据有效的regge-wheeler电位进行分析。在近地平线区域的近距离旋转电势变得微不足道的地方，霍金的WKB几何光学近似被近距离引力散射矩阵所取代，该矩阵捕获了地平线附近的非扰动软重力交换。我们为这两个动态问题的散射解决方案执行了适当的匹配，并计算了结合了这两个动力学的所得Bogoliubov关系。这使我们能够为明显统一的散射过程制定S矩阵。我们讨论了该设置中（准）正态分子模式的类似物以及引力回声的出现，后者遵循原始的辐射爆发，因为激发的黑洞松弛至平衡。
We describe a unitary scattering process, as observed from spatial infinity, of massless scalar particles on an asymptotically flat Schwarzschild black hole background. In order to do so, we split the problem in two different regimes governing the dynamics of the scattering process. The first describes the evolution of the modes in the region away from the horizon and can be analysed in terms of the effective Regge-Wheeler potential. In the near horizon region, where the Regge-Wheeler potential becomes insignificant, the WKB geometric optics approximation of Hawking's is replaced by the near-horizon gravitational scattering matrix that captures non-perturbative soft graviton exchanges near the horizon. We perform an appropriate matching for the scattering solutions of these two dynamical problems and compute the resulting Bogoliubov relations, that combines both dynamics. This allows us to formulate an S-matrix for the scattering process that is manifestly unitary. We discuss the analogue of the (quasi)-normal modes in this setup and the emergence of gravitational echoes that follow an original burst of radiation as the excited black hole relaxes to equilibrium.
