论文标题
科学奖品和科学主题的非凡增长
Scientific Prizes and the Extraordinary Growth of Scientific Topics
论文作者
论文摘要
快速成长的科学主题是新科学领域的主要景象，但是对它们的起源和影响的大规模分析很少。我们研究了与一个主题非凡增长有关的可能因素：科学奖品。我们对全球几乎所有公认的奖品的纵向分析以及来自19个学科的11,000多个科学主题表明，与科学奖相关的主题在生产力，影响力和新参与者方面具有非凡的增长。相对于匹配的非普通主题，奖品主题产生的论文增加了40％，引用了33％，在奖品后的头五年中，分别增加了55％的科学家，并分别获得37％和47％的新参赛者和明星科学家。资金不考虑奖品主题的增长。相反，增长与奖品特定于纪律，授予最近的研究或拥有奖金的程度呈正相关。这些发现揭示了科学创新和投资背后的新动态。
Fast growing scientific topics have famously been key harbingers of the new frontiers of science, yet, large-scale analyses of their genesis and impact are rare. We investigate one possible factor connected with a topic's extraordinary growth: scientific prizes. Our longitudinal analysis of nearly all recognized prizes worldwide and over 11,000 scientific topics from 19 disciplines indicates that topics associated with a scientific prize experience extraordinary growth in productivity, impact, and new entrants. Relative to matched non-prizewinning topics, prizewinning topics produce 40% more papers and 33% more citations, retain 55% more scientists, and gain 37% and 47% more new entrants and star scientists, respectively, in the first five-to-ten years after the prize. Funding do not account for a prizewinning topic's growth. Rather, growth is positively related to the degree to which the prize is discipline-specific, conferred for recent research, or has prize money. These findings reveal new dynamics behind scientific innovation and investment.
